able. To the westward is a large deep bay, called Kempenfelt's bay, from the head of which is a short carrying-place to the river Nottuasague, which empties itself into the Iroquois bay, in lake Huron.

In the north end of the lake near the narrows, leading to a small lake, is Francis island, between which and the north shore vessels may lie in safety.

From the bay west of Francis island there is a good path, and a short portage into a small lake; this is the nearest way to lake Huron. The river which falls from lake Simcoe into Matchedash bay, called the Matchedash or Severn river, making a more circuitous passage to the northward and westward.

Black river joins the waters of lake Simcoe, nearly where they fall into Matchedash channel. The source of this river is near the head of the river Radeau.

The river Matchedash, excepting where there are rapids, is in every part navigable for boats of any size; these rapids are intermixed with falls, which afford mill seats. The land on each side of this river is not of the best kind,

The river Matchedash, falling into a bay of that name to the eastward, which receives North and South river, discharges itself into a larger bason, called Gloucester or Sturgeon bay, in the chops of which lies Prince William Henry's island, open to lake Huron. On a peninsula in this bason some French ruins are still extant; and between two

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larger promontories is the harbour of Penetengu. shene, around which there is good land for settlement.

To the west of the largest promontory is Nottuasague bay, (or outlet of the Iroquois,) open to lake Huron; throughout the greatest part of Matchedash bay there is a depth of water for vessels of any draught, excepting towards the bottom of the bay: Penetengushene has been discovered to be a very excellent harbour.

On the east side of Yonge-street, in the rear of the townships of York and Scarborough, is the township of Markham, settled principally by Germans; in this tract are some good mills, built on a branch of the river Nen.

In passing out of the harbour of York, to the westward, you see the garrison on the main land at the entrance of the harbour, which, and the block-houses on Gibraltar Point, are its security; and a little to the westward of the garrison are the remains of the old French fort Toronto; adjoining to which is a deep bay, that receives the river Humber, on which are saw mills belonging to Government. Further to the westward (that is, between the Humber and the head of lake Ontario) the Etobycoke, the Credit, and two other rivers, with a great many smaller streams, join the main waters of the lake; they all abound in fish, particularly in salmon; the Credit is the most noted: here is a small house of entertainment for passengers. The tract between the Etobycoke and the head

of the lake is frequented only by wandering tribes of Missassagues. At the head of lake Ontario there is a smaller lake, within a long beach, of about five miles, from whence there is an outlet into lake Ontario, over which there is a bridge.

At the south end of the beach is the King's Head, a good inn, erected for the accommodation of tra vellers, by order of his Excellency Major General Simcoe, the Lieutenant Governor. It is beauti fully situated at a small portage which leads from the head of a natural canal connecting Burlingtonbay with lake Ontario, and is a good landmark.

Burlington-bay is perhaps as beautiful and ro mantic a situation as any in interior America, parti cularly if we include with it a marshy lake which falls into it, and a noble promontory that divides them. This lake is called Coot's Paradise, and abounds with game.

From the head of the lake, following the shores of the Ontario, we proceed eastward along the borders of the county of Lincoln, a very fine and populous settlement, consisting of twenty townships, con taining about 12,000 souls, and furnishing five battalions of militia. There are a great many small rivers which fall into the lake between Burlington-bay and Niagara; the most beautiful of which are those called the Twelve and the Twenty-mile Creeks. These rivers, previously to their flowing into the lake, spread behind a beach which impedes their course, and the stream, finding only a small outlet into the lake, is ponded back, and forms a spacious

bason within; the banks are high, but not broken, and generally covered with fine pine trees.

Newark (or as it is generally called the town of Niagara, West Niagara, and British Niagara) stands at the north-east angle of the county of Lincoln, nearly opposite to the fort of Niagara, at the entrance of the Niagara river; the western point, which forms the mouth of the river, is called Missassague Point. It is a handsome town, of about a mile square, with its streets at right angles: here is a handsome stone church, a gaol, and courthouse; and near to it, on the heights above Navyhall, is Fort George, where there are quarters for almost a whole regiment, and the works and buildings now enlarging.

Before York was made the seat of government, this place was sometimes honoured with the residence of his Excellency the Lieutenant Governor, and the first Parliament met here.

The river Niagara affords a noble harbour from its mouth to Queenstown, about seven miles up, for vessels of any size. The white fish are taken here in great abundance, and are reckoned a delicacy; they are, however, as useful as delicate, serving the new settlers for constant food, as the salmon do on the north side of the lake.

There is a good road from Newark along the bank of the river Niagara to Fort Erie, passing through Queenstown and Chippewa; Queenstown, or the lower landing, is at one end of the carrying place, as Fort Chippewa is at the other. When

the wind serves, vessels run up from Newark to Queenstown, and unload their cargoes, receiving packs of peltries in return, for the lower Canada merchants. Fifty waggons have passed this carrying-place in the course of a day. At Forts Chippewa and Erie are blockhouses, and detachments of the troops from Fort George. The merchandize is transported in boats between the two places.

There is a stage runs from Newark to Fort Chippewa. We shall say little of the falls of Niagara (of which so many persons have written.) This immense cataract is a little below the mouth of the river Welland, and is no less wonderful than grand and magnificent. On the avenues to it are good mills; and there is no doubt but profitable water-works might be erected, immediately where it tumbles from a piece of stony flat, called the Table-rock.

Above the Falls, near the upper mills, is a curious spring, the air or vapour of which catches fire, and is emitted with some force; the flame, being collected with the pipe of a stove, was sufficiently strong to boil a tea-kettle of water.

The saw logs are conveyed to this mill in a very remarkable manner; they are cut upon the banks of the river Welland, or Chippewa, and floated down to its mouth, where there is a reservoir made to contain them by a chain of hogpens. From hence it is very dangerous to go in a boat to the mills, on account of the great rapid, and the probability