second son of the Duke of Brabant. On this alliance Josceline de Louvaine adopted the name of Percy, but retained the royal arms. He became Castellan of Arundel, and obtained the honour of Petworth in Sussex.*

Adeliza, his sister, was the widow of Henry I.; and having received Arundel,† in dower, from the king, induced her second husband William de Albini to confer it on her brother, which grant was subsequently confirmed by Henry II.

This union brings the reader through the following pedigree to a clear and legitimate position, from which he can go on without much perplexity:

From this marriage of Josceline de Percy sprang six children. The elder branch died out in the second generation; but Henry de Percy, the second son, who married Isabel de Brus, left a son William, who died in 1245, and from this William's wife Ellen, daughter of Lord Bardolph, descended seven children.§

In following out a long genealogy, which is, beyond every thing, the most uninviting subject for the reader, it is undesirable to add to its tediousness by pursuing collateral

* See charter in Appendix, Nos. 5, 6, 8, and 9.

† Arundel Castle was in the hands of the Crown from the 25th to the 33d of Hen. II., as there are entered on the Great Roll of the Pipe expenses of works in these and the intervening years.

Thus in 25, 26, and 28 Hen. II., in operationibus, 97. 19s. 9d.

33 Hen. II., in planchianda turre de Arundel, et pro herbario ante thalamum Regis faciendo, 12l. 13s. 4d.

The last entry shows when the Great

Tower was floored, and consequently but recently erected.

See a charter of his in Appendix, Nos. 1, 6, and 7.

§ Henry, the eldest, who married Eleanor, daughter of John Earl of Warren, died about 1272, and was buried at Sallay; Walter Lord of Kildale, buried at Gisburn, ancestor of the Percies of Kildale and Ormsby; Richard Lord of Dunsley, ancestor of the Percies of Dunsley; Geoffrey Lord of Semar; Ingelram Lord of Dalton; Alan; Josceline Lord of Levington.

branches; I shall therefore confine myself to tracing the main stem,* a plan which will make the descent much more perspicuous. Therefore, adopting this method, of the seven sons of William de Percy, Henry the eldest succeeded in 1245, and died in 1272.

He was a person of much valour, and took an active share in the stirring events of the reign of Henry III.; was at the siege of Northampton and the battle of Lewes, where he was taken prisoner. He left three sons; William and John dying early, the great inheritance devolved on Henry, the third, who did not come of age to take livery of his lands till the 22d of Edward I., when he immediately received a summons to attend the king into Gascony. As this introduces a fresh and marked epoch, before proceeding further, the descents we have thus far advanced in tracing shall be exhibited.

This Henry de Percy commenced his military career in Gascony. In the 22d of Edward I. he was knighted by the king before Berwick. Two years afterwards he signalised himself in the battle of Dunbar; he was in this year successively made Governor of Galway and Aire, and constituted Vicegerent in Cumberland and Westmoreland. In the 25th of Edward I. he was employed to go with 40,000 men against the Scots. In the 26th year he was deputed on a similar mission. Again, in the wars of Scotland, in the 28th year. He was also, at this period, one of the barons who attended the parliament of Lincoln,‡ and

Indeed, to go into the whole descent and biography would only be repeating what has been already done with so much fullness by Dugdale, and still more elaborately by Collins.

12.

† See charter, Appendix, Nos. 10, 11,

I have already considered the important business transacted by this parliament, in a paper, expressly on the subject, communicated to the Archæological Institute at its meeting held at Lincoln in 1848, published in the volume of Memoirs on the occasion.

protested against the demands of Boniface VIII. upon the kingdom of Scotland. His seal appended to the official record of this parliament, which is one of the finest of its class, has been engraved for the present volume, and is described in the succeeding chapter. In the 31st and 34th he was engaged again in the Scottish war. In the third year of Edward II. he purchased the castle and barony of Alnwick from Antony Bek, Bishop of Durham, and will henceforward be mentioned as the FIRST LORD OF ALNWICK. He immediately commenced its reparation, and much must have been done to it during the five years he subsequently lived to retain the possession. In the fourth year of Edward II. he was again engaged in the Scottish wars; in the next, made Governor of Scarborough and Bamborough Castles; and in the eighth, created Earl of Carrick, having been summoned to parliament as a baron, by writ, from 1299 to his death in 1315.* This distinguished man was a great benefactor to Fountain's Abbey; he founded a chantry at Semar for the soul of his mother and all his ancestors; and, dying on the 20th December 1315, was buried before the high altar of the church he had so much enriched. He took to wife Eleanor, daughter of Richard Fitz-Alan, Earl of Arundel, by whom he had two sons, Henry and William.

Henry de Percy succeeded as the SECOND LORD PERCY OF ALNWICK, and ran a career as full of glory as his father. He was only sixteen years old when he became heir to the family possessions. In the 15th of Edward II. he obtained livery of his lands; and the same year, being then only twenty-three, he was constituted Governor of Pickering Castle, in Yorkshire, by the forfeiture of Thomas Earl of Lancaster; also of Scarborough town and castle. On September 10, the following year, he was made a knight, and had his apparel on the occasion out of the king's wardrobe. In consequence of the active part he took in reforming the abuses occasioned by the power of the Spencers, he was favoured by the queen and her son, and made guardian of the truce with the Scots, and governor of the Portre castles in Northumberland; and being thus instrumental in the great change in the first year of the next reign, he had the custody of the castle of Skipton, in Craven, assigned to

• See charters, Appendix, No. 13.

†The laborious account of Collins supplies this fact, omitted by Dugdale.