askance, ad. ds.kans' (It. schiancio, across), sideways; looking towards one corner of the eye: askant', ad. obliquely.

aslant, ad. d-slant' (AS.) on one side. asleep, ad. a slep' (AS.) in a state of sleep; at

rest.

asp, n. dsp (L. aspis), a small poisonous serpent.

asparagus, n. ds.par'd.gus (Gr. asparagos), a well-known plant, the young shoots of which are used at table.

aspect, n. aspekt (L. ad, specto, I look), look; appearance.

aspen, n. aspèn (AS. æspe), a tree of the poplar kind.

asperity, n. as-pèrt.ti (L. asper, rough), roughness of surface; harshness.

asperse, v. ds.pers' (L. aspersus, besprinkled), to slander: aspersion, n.

asphalt or asphaltum, n. asfalt or as fal tum (L. asphaltum), a blackish substance found in various parts of the world: asphaltic, a. pert. to.

aspire, v. ds.pir' (L. ad, spiro, I breathe), to desire with eagerness; to aim at something that can be obtained with difficulty: aspi'ring, a. ambitious: aspi'rant, n. one who seeks with eagerness: as'pirate, v. to pronounce with a full breath: n. a letter with a mark to show it must be pronounced with a full breath: aspira'tion, n.

asquint, ad. d-skwint' (Dut. schuinte, a slope), obliquely.

ass, n. as (L. asinus), a well-known beast of burden; a dull, stupid person: as'inine, a.

assail, v. as-sal' (L. ad, salio, I leap), to fall upon by violence: assailable, a.: assail ́ant, n. one who.

assist, v. ds.sisť (L. ad, sisto, I am made to stand), to help; to succour: assistance, n.: assis'tant, a. or n.

assize, n. as-siz' plu. assi'zes (old F. assise, a set rate), plu. a court of justice in England held in every county; sing., a statute regulating the measure and price of commodities.

associate, v. ds.so'shi·at (L. ad, socius, a companion), to join in company as a companion: n. a companion; a partner: asso'cia tion,

n.

assort, v. ds.sõrť (L. ad, sors, a lot-gen. sortis), to arrange into sorts or classes: assort'ment, n.

assuage, v. ds.swaj (old F. assouager, to soften), to mitigate; to allay.

assume, v. ds.sum' (L. ad, sumo, I take), to take upon one's self; to take for granted: assu ming, a. haughty; arrogant: assumption,

n.

assure, v. a.shor' (L. ad, securus, sure, certain), to make certain; to give confidence by a promise; to insure: assuredly, ad.: assu ́rer, .: assurance, n. impudence.

asterisk, n. asterisk (Gr. usteriskos), a small star (*) used to refer to a note, or to mark the omission of words.

astern, ad. d stern' (AS.), at the hinder part of a ship; behind.

asteroid, n. dster oyd (Gr. aster, a star; eidos, resemblance), one of the minor planets.

asthma, n. astma (Gr., a shortness of breath), a disease of the organs of breathing, attended with cough and difficulty of breathing: asthmatic, a., also asthmatical, a.

astir, ad. a-ster' (AS.), on the move; active. astonish, v. astonish (old F. estonner), to fill with sudden fear and wonder: astonish

strike dumb with amazement.

assay, v. ds.sa' (F. essayer, to try), to try or prove, as metals; to endeavour: n. trial, as of the purity of silver or gold.

assemble, v. ds.sembl (F. assembler), to gather a number of persons or things together; to meet together: assemblage, n.: assembly, n. a number of persons met together; a congregation.

assent, v. ds.sent' (L. ad, sentio, I think), to admit as true; to agree: n. act of admitting.

assert, v. as-sért' (L. assertum, to bind or fasten to one's self), to affirm positively; to maintain asser'tion, n.

assess, v. ds.ses' (L. ad, sessum, to sit or remain), to fix a tax to be paid; to value: asses'sable, a.: asses'sably, ad.: assessment, n. the amount of a tax laid on a property: asses'sor,

n.

assets, n. plu. assets (F. assez, enough), funds or property available for payment of debts, &c. asseverate, v. ds.sevier.at (L. assevero, I state earnestly), to declare positively; to affirm solemnly assevera tion, n.

assiduous, a. as-sid ü·ús (L. assiduus, sitting closely), very attentive; diligent: assiduously, ad.: assidu'ity, n.

assign, v. ds.sin' (L. ad, signo, I mark out), to allot to; to transfer: assign'er, n.: assignable, a. assigna'tion, n.: assignee, n. a person appointed to do something; one to whom an assignment is made.

assimilate, v. assimilat (L. ad, similis, like), to bring to a likeness; to change into its own substance: assim'ilative, a. that can make into a like or similar substance: assimila'tion, n.

astray, ad. d-stra' (AS.), out of the right way. astride, ad. d-strid' (AS.), with the legs apart. astringent, n. as-trinjěnt (L. ad, stringo, I bind fast), that which contracts or draws together muscular fibre; the principle in bark that tans hides: adj. binding: astrin'gency, n.

astrology, n. astroloji (Gr. astron, a star; logos, discourse), a science that pretends to foretell events by observing the stars: astrol'oger, n.: astrological, a. pert. to.

astronomy, n. as-tronomi (Gr. astron, a star; nomos, a law), the science that treats of everything connected with the heavenly bodies: astron'omer, n.: astronom'ical, a. pert. to.

astute, a. as-tut' (L. astutus, crafty), sagacious; discerning; crafty: astute'ness, n.: astute'ly, ad.

asunder, ad. d.sun'der (AS.), apart; in a divided state.

asylum, n. d-sílům (L.), a place of refuge; a sanctuary.

at, prep. at (AS. aet), near to; towards. atheism, n. a'the izm (Gr. a, theos, God), the disbelief in the existence of a God: a'theist, n.: a'theis tical, a.

athirst, a. d-thirst' (AS.), wanting drink. athlete, n. athlet (Gr. athletes, a wrestler). one who contends in public games in trials of strength: athletic, a. strong.

athwart, prep. a-thwawrt (AS.), across: ad. among seamen, across the line of the ship's

course.

atlas, n. atlas (Gr. name of a giant who, the anc. Greeks pretended, bore up the earth), a collection of maps bound together.

atmosphere, n. atmosfer (Gr. atmos, vapour; sphaira, a sphere), the whole mass of air, clouds, and vapour, surrounding the earth: atmospher'ic, a., also atmospher'ical, a. pert. to the air.

atom, n. ǎtom (Gr. a, not; temno, I cut), a particle of matter that cannot be made smaller; anything extremely small: at'omed, a. smalĺ as atoms: atom'ic, a., also atom'ical, a. relating to atoms.

atone, v. a.ton' (from at one, denoting to be or to cause to be "at one"), to give satisfaction for an offence or a crime; to expiate by sacrifice: ato'ning, a.: atone'ment, n. reconciliation after enmity; expiation.

atrocious, a. a-tro'shus (L. atrox, cruel-gen. atrocis), very cruel; criminal in the highest degree: atro'ciously, ad.: atro'ciousness, n., also atrocity, n.

attach, v. at-tach' (F. attacher), to take by legal authority; to win over: attach'able, a.: attach'ment, n. warm affection; fidelity.

attack, v. at-tak' (F. attaquer), to assault; to assail: n. a falling upon with violence; unfriendly criticism.

attain, v. at-tan' (old F. attaindre), to reach by exertion; to arrive at; to achieve: attain'able, a. attain'ment, n. proficiency.

attempt, v. at těmt' (F. attenter), to make an effort to accomplish; to endeavour: n.

attend, v. at-těnd' (F. attendre, to expect), to accompany; to be present; to listen to: atten'dant, n. a follower; a servant: adj. accompanying; being present: atten'dance, n.: atten'tion, n. the act of attending; the paying heed to; act of courtesy: attentive, a. paying

due regard to; mindful: attentively, ad.

attenuate, v. at-těnu.at (F. attenuer), to make thin; to reduce in thickness or density: attenua'tion, n.

attest, v. at-těst' (L. ad, testor, I bear witness), to certify; to bear witness to: attestor or attes ́ter, n.: attesta'tion, n.

attic, n. atitik (Sans. attaka), the flat on the upper part of a house; a garret.

attire, v. at-tir' (old F. atirer), to dress; to adorn with garments: n. clothes; apparel.

attitude, n. attr·tūd (F. attitude), position of persons or things; posture.

attorney, n. at térni (mid. L. attornatus, put in the place of any one), one who acts for another, as in a court of law; a lawyer: attorneyship, n.

attract, v. dt-tråkt' (L. ad, tractum, to draw), to draw to by some kind of influence; to allure: attractor, n.: attrac ́table, a.: attraction, n. the power that bodies have of coming together and uniting: attractive, a. drawing to; alluring: attrac'tively, ad.: attractiveness, n.

attribute, v. attribut (L. ad, tributum, to grant, to bestow), to give as due; to ascribe to: attribute, n. attribut, a quality considered as belonging to any person or thing: attrib'utive, a.: attrib'utable, a.

attune, v. dt-tun' (L. ad, and tune), to put in tune; to make musical.

auburn, a. awbern (old F. albran, a wild duck in its first year, having generally a peculiar brown), of a rich chestnut colour.

auction, n. awk'shun (L. auctio, increase), a public sale of property to the highest bidder: auctioneer', n. one empowered to sell property by auction.

audacious, a. aw-da'shus (L. audax, boldgen. audacis), very bold and daring; impudent: auda'ciously, ad.: audac'ity, n.

audible, a. aw.dr.bl (L. audio, I hear), that may be heard; loud enough to be perceived by the ear: au'dibly, ad.: au'dibleness, n.: au'dience, n. admittance to a hearing; an assembly of hearers: au'dit, n. an examination of accounts by persons appointed for the purpose: v. to examine and settle as to the correctness of accounts: au'ditor, n. a hearer; one who examines accounts: au'ditorship, n. the office:

au'ditory, n. an assembly of hearers: adj. pert. to the sense of hearing.

aught or ought, n. awt (AS. a-wiht, a thing), anything; a tittle or jot.

augment, v. aug.ment (L. augmentum, an increase), to increase; to make or become larger : augment'able, a.: augmenta'tion, n. an increase; the act of enlarging: augmentative, a. having the power to augment: n. in gram., opposite of diminutive.

augur, n. awgur (L.-from avis, a bird), among the anc. Romans, one who professed to tell future events by natural tokens: v. to profess to foretell events: au'gural, a. pert. to: au'gury, n. the art of foretelling events; an omen or prediction.

august, a. aw.gusť (L. augustus, sacred, majestic), inspiring awe; majestic: august'ness, n. augustly, ad.

August, n. august, the eighth month in the year, named from Cæsar Augustus.

aunt, n. ant (contr. from L. amita), the sister of one's father or mother.

auricle, n. aw'ri.kl (L. auricula, the ear-flap), the outside ear; a chamber situated at the base of the heart, resembling the external ear: auric'ular, a. pert. to the ear; secret: au'rist, n. one who studies diseases of the ear.

auriferous, a. aw.rifer.us (L. aurum, gold; fero, I produce), that yields gold.

morning), the rising light of the morning.

aurora, n. aw-ro'ra (L. the goddess of the

auspices, n. plu. aw'spis.ěz (L. auspicium, augury from birds), omens; patronage and care; protection: auspici'ous, a. prosperous; fortunate: auspici'ously, ad.

austere, a. aus-ter' (L. austerus, rough), harsh; stern; sour: austere'ly, ad.: auster'ity, n. strictness in manners or life.

authentic, a. aw-thentik (F. authentique), not false; being what it professes to be: authen'ticate, v. to establish by proof: authentica'tion, n. authentic'ity, n. correctness as to facts.

author, n. awther (L. auctor), one who creates or produces; a writer of a book; fem. au'thoress, n.: author'ity, n. legal power; influence; credit: author'ities, n. plu. persons in power; standard books quoted: author'itative, a. positive; peremptory: author'itatively, ad.: au'thorise, v. to empower; to make legal: au'thorship, n.

autobiography, n. aw-to-bi og'ră fi (Gr. autos, himself; bios, life; grapho, I write), a life written by the individual himself.

autocracy, n. aw-tõk'ra.si (Gr. autos, self; kratos, power), government residing in a single person; supremacy: au'tocrat, n. a sovereign exercising absolute power: autocrat'ic, a., also autocrat'ical, a., pert. to.

autograph, n. aw-to-graf (Gr. autos, self; grapho, I write), a person's own handwriting. automaton, n. aw.toma-ton (Gr.), a self-moving figure or machine.

autumn, n. awitum (L. autumnus), the third season of the year: autum'nal, a.

auxiliary, a. awg.zili.a.ri (L. auxilium, help), helping: n. a helper; applied to the verbs shall, will, may, can, must, &c.

avail, v. d-val' (L. ad, valeo, I am strong), to turn to advantage; to be of use: n. profit; advantage: available, a.

avalanche, 1. ává lánsh (F. avalange), a vast body of snow sliding down a mountain.

avarice, n. avă·ris (L. avaritia), an un. bounded passion for wealth; greediness: avarici'ous, a. greedy of gain: avarici'ousness, n.: avarici'ously, ad.

avaunt, ínt. d.vawnt' (F. avant, before), begone.

avenge, v. d.věnj' (old F. avengier), to take satisfaction for an injury by punishing the person that injures: aven'ger, n. one who.

avenue, n. ave-nu (F.), a passage; a walk under trees.

aver, v. d.ver' (L. ad, verus, true), to declare positively; to assert: aver'ment, n.

average, n. aviraj (It. avaria, calculation and distribution of the loss arising from goods thrown overboard), the mean of any collection of sums, numbers, or quantities, found by dividing the totals by the number of the sums or quantities: adj. being in a condition common to many.

averse, a. d-vers' (L. a, from; versus, turned), disinclined to; unfavourable to: aversely, ad.: aver'sion, n. dislike to: avert', v. (L. verto, I turn), to turn aside or away from.

aviary, n. a vi·éri (L. avis, a bird), a place where birds are kept.

avidity, n. a vidi-ti (L. aviditas), eagerness; intense desire.

avocation, n. ǎvío.ka'shun (L. avocatio, a calling off from any occupation), occupation; business..

avoid, v. a-voyd' (L. a, vito, I shun), to keep at a distance from; to shun: avoid ́able, a.: avoid ance, n.

avoirdupois, n. or a. dv.ér'dū.poyz (F. avoir, to have; du, of the; poids, weight), the weight of 16 oz. to the pound.

avouch, v. a vowch' (F. avouer, to avow), to assert; to affirm in favour of: avow, v. a vow', to own or confess: avow'al, n. an open confession: avow'edly, ad.

await, v. d.vat', to look for; to be ready for. awake, v. a-wak' (AS. awacian), to rouse from sleep; to infuse new life into: adj. not sleeping: awak'en, v. same meaning as awake: awak'ening, n.

award, v. a-wawrd' (prov. F. eswarder, to inspect goods), to assign to by sentence: n. a sentence; the decision of arbitrators.

aware, a. a-wär' (AS. gewær), informed of; foreseeing; cautious.

away, ad. a-wa' (AS. aweg), at a distance; absent: int. begone."

awe, n. aw (Dan. ave, fear), fear mingled with reverence; solemn dread: v. to influence by fear: awful, a. terrible; dreadful: awfully, ad. awfulness, n.

awhile, ad. a-huil', for a short time.

awkward, a. atekwird (AS. awoh, awry), clumsy; unable to use hands or tools easily: awk'wardly, ad.: awk'wardness, n.

awl, n. aul (Ger. ahle), a shoemaker's tool for boring.

awn, n. awn (Gr. achne, chaff), the beard of corn or grass: awned, a.

awning, n. awning (Low Ger. havenung), a cover spread to afford shade.

awry, a. or ad. a-ri (AS. a, and writhe, to twist), asquint; unevenly; crooked.

axe, n. aks (AS. aex), a well-known iron instr. axiom, n. aksi-um (Gr. axioma), a self-evident truth; an established principle in an art or science axiomatic, a., also axiomat ́ical, a. self-evident.

axis, n. aksis (L.), the line round which anything revolves: axial, a.: axle, n. called also axle-tree, the wooden or iron bar round the ends of which wheels turn.

ay, ad. at, or as pron. I (AS. gea; Ger. ja, yea, yes, yea; yes; certainly.

aye, ad. a (AS. ava, or aa, ever), always;

babble, v. babbl (F. babiller, to prattle), to utter words imperfectly as children; to tell secrets: n. senseless talk: bab'bler, n. an idle talker.

babe, n. bab, also baby, n. (It. bambino), a young child of either sex.

baboon, n. ba-bón' (Dut. baviaan), a monkey of the largest kind.

bacchanal, n. bak ka-nal, also bacchanalian, n. (L. Bacchus, the heathen god placed over drinking and feasting), one engaged in noisy and drunken revels: adj. riotous; pert. to revelling.

bachelor, n. bach'e-ler (old F. bachelier, a lad), an unmarried man of any age; one who has taken the first degree in arts in a university.

back, n. bak (Icel. bak), the upper part in animals, and the hinder part in man; the rear: adj. situated behind: ad. to the place from whence one came; behind: back bite, v. to speak ill of a person behind his back: backbiter, n. one who: back bone, n. the vertebral column: back'door, n. a back or private passage; an indirect way: back'ground, n. ground in the rear or behind; parts dimly seen: back'room, n. a room in the back part of the house: back'slide, v. to fall off; to turn away from gradually backsli'der, n. one who falls from religion and the practice of virtue: back'stairs, n. plu. the stairs in the back part of a house; a private or indirect way: back'stair, a. indirect; private: back'ward, a. unwilling; slow: ad., also back wards, in time past; towards the back: back'wardly, ad.: back'wardness,

n.

bacon, n. bakn (old Dut. backe, a pig), swine's flesh salted and dried.

bad, a. bad (Ger. bose), hurtful; opposite of good bad'ly, ad. not well: bad ness, n. bade, v. bad, past of bid.

badge, n. baj (Ger. batz, a dab, a coarse patch), a sign of distinction.

badger, n. bajer (F. bladier, a corn-dealer), an animal that burrows in the ground: v. to pester; to tease.

baffle, v. baff (Norm. F. beffler, to deceive), to escape detection; to confound.

bag, n. bag (Gael. balg), a sack; a pouch: v. to put into a sack; to put up or out: bag ging, n. the coarse materials for bags; the act of putting into bags.

baggage, n. bag'gaj (F.bagage), all the articles necessary for an army; things required for a journey.

bag pipes, n. a musical wind instr.; bag'piper, n.

bail, v. bal (old F. bailler, to deliver), to liberate on the security of another; to lave out water: n. surety for another: bail'able, a.

bailiff, n. balf (F. bailli), an officer of justice; a steward over land: bailiwick, n. (AS. wic), the limits of a bailiff's jurisdiction.

bait, n. bat (AS. batan, to bait a hook), any substance put on a hook to entice fish to swallow it; anything to allure: v. to allure by food.

bake, v. bak (Icel. baka, to warm), to harden by fire or the heat of the sun; to dress food by fire: ba'ker, n. one whose employment is to bake bakery, n. the place where bread is baked.

balance, n. balans (F.), a pair of scales; equality of weights, power, or force; overplus: v. to make equal; to settle; to have equal weight, power, &c.

balcony, n. bálkō.ni (F. balcon), a railed-in raised platform in front of a house, usually before the windows.

bald, a. bawld (Fin. paljas, bare), wanting hair; naked; inelegant: bald ly, ad.: bald'ness, n. bale, n. bal (F. balle), a bundle or package of goods.

bale, v. bal (Dan. balle, a pail or tub), to free from water by laving it out.

baleful, a. bal fool (AS. bealo, torment), mischievous; destructive: bale fulness, n.

balk, v. bawk (Icel. balkr, a division between stalls), to disappoint; to frustrate: n. a beam. ball, n. bawl (F. balle), a round body; a child's toy: v. to form into a ball.

ball, n. bawl (It. ballare, to shake or jog), an entertainment of dancing.

ballad, n. ballad (F. ballade, a song), a simple popular song.

ballast, n. ballast (Dan. bag-lest, the back or worthless load), any heavy substance placed at the bottom of a ship or boat to steady it.

ballet, n. balla (F.), a kind of dance. balloon, n. bal·lôn' (F. ballon, a football), a spherical body filled with light gas, so as to rise and float in the air: balloon'ing, n.

ballot, n. ballot (F. ballotte, a little ball), a little ball used in voting; a ticket or written vote: v. to choose or vote by ballot.

balm, n. bâm (L. balsamum), an ointment that soothes and heals; that which soothes or heals: balm'y, a. soothing: balm'ily, ad.: balm'iness, n.: bal'sam, n. a soothing ointment; a semi-fluid resin: balsam'ic, a.

baluster, n. bākus tėr (F. balustre), a little pillar: balustrade, n. (F.), a row of these serving as a fence for staircases, &c.

bamboo, n. băm bổ (Malay, bambu), an In dian reed, with hollow stems.

ban, n. bắn (L. bannire, to call to the ban or standard), a censure; an interdict: v. to curse; to interdict: bans or banns, n. a proclamation in church necessary to constitute a regular marriage.

band, n. band (from the verb to bind), a narrow strip of cloth or similar material; a fillet: ban'dage, n. a narrow strip of cloth used in binding up a wound or an infirmity.

band, n. band (It. banda), a company of men united for any common object: v. to unite together in confederacy.

bandit, n. bandit (It. bandito, one proclaimed or denounced), an outlaw; a robber.

bandy, v. ban'di (F. bander, to drive the ball from side to side at tennis), to beat to and fro, as a ball in play; to retort.

bane, n. ban (AS. bana, a murderer), a poison of a deadly quality; any cause of mischief: bane'ful, a. pernicious: bane'fully, ad.: bane'fulness, n.

bang, v. băng (Sw. bang, tumult), to shut with a loud noise, as a door: n. the thump of a stroke. banish, v. banish (F. bannir), to condemn to exile; to compel to leave a country: ban'ishment, n.

banister, n. băn'ts-ter, corrupted from balus

ter.

bank, n. bangk (F. banc; Ger. bank, a bench, a bank), a heap of anything; a place where a collection of money is kept: v. to raise up a mound of earth; to deposit money in a bank: bank'er, n. one who deals in money: bank'ing, n. the business of a bank: adj. relating to banking: bankrupt, n. bangkrupt (L. ruptus, broken), any one unable to pay his just debts: bank'ruptcy, 11.

banner, n. banner (F. bannière), a flag or ensign: ban'nered, a. bearing banners: ban'neret, n. a little banner.

banns-see ban.

banquet, n. bang kwět (F.), a rich entertainment: v. to feast.

bantam, n. bántam, a small breed of fowls, probably from Bantam in Java.

banter, v. băn'ter (F. badiner, to joke), to joke with in words and in good-humour: n. wit at the expense of another.

baptism, n. baptizm (Gr. baptisma, immersion, dipping), the dipping among water, or sprinkling with water; the initiatory sacrament of the Christian religion: baptis'mal, a.: baptis'mally, ad.: bap'tist, n. one of a sect which opposes infant baptism: baptise', v. to administer baptism.

bar, n. bár (F. barre), a bolt; an enclosed place at an inn or a court; a division in music, or the line that makes the division; any hindrance: v. to fasten; to hinder; to shut out: bar'maid, a woman who attends at the bar of a tavern, &c.: bar'ricade, n. (Sp. barricada), an obstruction hastily thrown up: v. to fasten; to fortify: bar'rier, n. (F. barrière), a boundary; a limit: barrister, n. one who pleads near the bar in a court of law.

barb, n. bârb (L. barba, a beard), a beard, or that which resembles it; a horse from Barbary; the sharp shoulders of an arrow-head or of a hook to prevent its being easily drawn back again: v. to furnish with barbs: bar ber, n. one who shaves.

barbarian, n. bârbări.ăn (Gr. barbaros, rude), an uncivilised man; a foreigner: adj. uncivilised: barbar'ic, a. pert. to uncivilised nations bar barism, n. an impropriety of speech; an uncivilised state: barbar'ity, n. cruelty, like a savage: barbarous, a. savage; cruel: barbarously, ad.: bar‍barousness, n.

bard, n. bárd (F. barde), one who sang his own poems among the ancient Celts; a poet.

bare, a. bar (AS. bær), naked; without covering: v. to strip or uncover: barely, ad. with difficulty: bare'ness, n.: barefaced, a. shameless: barefac'edly, ad.: barefac ́edness, n. impudence.

bargain, n. bâr'gen (old F. barguigner, to haggle), an agreement; a cheapened commodity: v. to make a contract or agreement.

barge, n. bârj (old F.), a boat, generally a pleasure-vessel; a flat-bottomed boat for conveying goods from vessels.

bark, n. bark (Dan.), the outside covering of a tree: v. to peel or strip off bark.

bark, n. búrk (AS. beorcan, to bark), the peculiar noise of a dog.

bark or barque, n. bârk (F. barque), a ship that carries three masts, without a mizzen-topsail. barley, n. bârli (W. barllys), a well-known grain.

barm, n. bârm (AS. beorm), yeast; the scum from beer: barm'y, a.

barn, n. bârn (AS. berern), a covered building for farm produce.

barometer, n. bă·rõm1ě·tẻr (Gr. baros, weight; metron, a measure), an instr. that indicates changes in the weather: baromet'ric, a. also baromet'rical, a. pert. to.

baron, n. barion (F.), a rank of nobility next to a viscount: bar'onage, n. the dignity or estate of a baron: bar'oness, n. the wife of a baron: bar'ony, n. a division of a county in Ireland answering to an English hundred : baro'nial, a. bar onet, n. the title next below a baron: baronetage, n.: baronetcy, n. the title and dignity of a baronet. barque-see bark 3.

barrack, n. bārrāk (Sp. barraca, a cabin or

hut), a house for soldiers, commonly used in the plu.

barrel, n. barrel (F. baril), a close circular vessel having more length than breadth, bulging in the middle.

barren, a. barren (old F. baraigne), not producing young; not fertile bar'renly, ad.: bar renness, n.

barricade, barrier, barrister-see bar.

barrow, n. barro (AS. berewe), a hand-carriage.

barter, v. bârter (Sp. baratar, to truck or exchange), to traffic by exchanging one kind of goods for another: n.

basalt, n. ba-sault' (L. basaltes), a greyishblack stone of volcanic origin: basaltic, a. pert. to or containing basalt.

base, a. bas (F. bas, mean, low), mean; of low station; deep; grave: basely, ad.: base'ness, n. vileness.

base, n. bas (L. basis, the foundation), the bottom; the principal ingredient in a compound body; the low or grave parts in music: v. to found or establish on a base: ba'sic, a. acting as a base; possessing the base in excess: baseless, a. without foundation: base'ment, n. the ground-floor: ba'sis, n. (L.), the pedestal of a column; that on which anything is raised.

bashful, a. bash fool (see abash), very modest; easily confused; bash'fully, ad.: bash'fulness,

n.

basin, n. ba'sn (F. bassin), a circular hollow vessel for containing water, &c.; a pond; a dock. basis-see base 2.

bask, v. bask (Icel. baka, to warm), to lie at ease enjoying the heat of the sun, or of a fire. basket, n. basket (W. basged), an article of domestic use, made of osier-twigs or any pliable substance.

bass, n. bas (It. basso, low), the lowest part in a harmonised musical composition: adj. low; deep.

bass, n. bas (Dut. bast, bark or peel), a doormat.

bastard, n. bastard (old F.), a child born out of wedlock; anything spurious: adj. not genuine: bas'tardy, n. state of being illegitimate.

bastinade, v. bas-ti-nad', or bastina'do, -na do (Sp. bastonada, a blow with a stick), to give a sound beating to with a stick: n. a punishment in use among many Eastern nations.

bastion, n. bástyon (Sp. and F.), a mass of earth built as a wall, standing out from a fortified work to protect its walls.

bat, n. bat (F. battre, to beat), a piece of wood broader at one end than at the other.

bat, n. bat (Scot. bak), name of a small animal like a mouse, but with wings without feathers.

batch, n. bach (Dut. baksel, an ovenful), a quantity of bread baked at one time; an assortment of things of the same kind.

bath, n. bath (Ger. baden, to bathe), a place to bathe in; that in which the body or a part of it is bathed: bathe, v. bath, to wash the body with water, &c.; to lie in a bath.

baton, n. batong or baton (F. bâton, a stick), a marshal's staff of office; a short staff as a badge of office.

battalion, n. bat-tål:yon (F. bataillon), a body of soldiers, less than a regiment.

batten, n. batitn (F. baton, a staff), a small piece of wood used by carpenters and plumbers: V. to fasten or form with battens.

batter, v. batter (F. battre, to beat), to beat with repeated blows: n. a mixture of various ingredients beaten together.

battery, n. batter (F. batterie), any number of guns and mortars ranged in order for firing. battle, n. bat'tl (F. bataille), a fight between

bawl, v. batel (Icel. baula, to low as an ox), to cry out with a loud full sound.

bay, a. ba (Sp. bayo, brown), brown or reddish; inclining to a chestnut colour.

bay, n. ba (prov. Sp. badar, to open, to gape), an arm of the sea bending into the land.

bay, n. ba (F. abbayer, to bow-wow as a dog), the bark of a dog when his prey is brought to a stand: v. to bark as a dog at his game.

bay, n. ba (L. baca, a berry), the laurel-tree. bayonet, n. balon-ět (from Bayonne, in France), a steel dagger at the end of a musket: v. to stab or kill with a bayonet.

bazaar, n. ba-zar' (Pers.), a covered place where goods are exposed to sale; a sale of miscellaneous goods for a charitable object.

be, v. be (Gael. beo, alive), infin. of the verb

am.

beach, n. běch (Icel. bakki, a bank), the space on the margin of a sea over which the tide flows and ebbs.

beacon, n. be'kn (AS. beacen, a sign, a nod), a lighthouse or signal to direct navigation.

bead, n. bed (AS. bead, a prayer), a small ball pierced for hanging on a string; a round moulding, also called bead'ing.

beadle, n. be-dl (AS. bydel), a messenger; a church or parish officer.

beak, n. bek (F. bec), the bill of a bird; any pointed thing: beaked, a. pointed.

beam, n. bem (AS. beam, a tree), any large and long piece of timber or iron; the rod from which the scales are suspended; a ray of light: v. to throw out rays, as the sun.

bean, n. ben (Icel. baun), a vegetable contained in a pod.

bear, v. bar (Goth. bairan), to carry; to suffer; to produce: born, pp. born, brought forth: borne, pp. born, carried: bear'er, n. one who; a messenger: bear'ing, n. behaviour; the situation of one object with respect to another: bear'able, a. that can be endured.

bear, n. bar (AS. bera, a wild beast), a wild animal covered with rough shaggy hair: bear'ish, a. rude; violent in conduct.

beard, n. berd (L. barba, a beard), hair that grows on the lips and chin of a man: v. to set at defiance: beard'less, a. without a beard: beard'lessness, n.

beast, n. best (L. bestia), any four-footed animal beast'ly, a. like a beast: beast liness, n. great coarseness: best'ial, a. pert. to a beast, or having the qualities of one.

beat, v. bet (AS. beatan), to strike; to overcome in a fight; to throb like the pulse: n. a stroke; a throb.

beatify, v. be ati fi (L. beatus, happy; facio, I make), to make happy: beatif'ic, a. that has the power to make happy: beat'itude, n. the blessedness pronounced by our Lord on the virtues.

beau, n. bo (F. beau, good, fair), a gay man that attends much to dress; familiarly, a man who pays attention to a lady.

beauty, n. buti (F. beauté), the appearance and properties in any person or thing that please and delight; a lovely and pleasing person: beauteous, a. pleasing; lovely: beautiful, a. lovely: beau'tifully, ad.: beau'tify, v. to adorn.

beaver, n. bever (AS. beofer), an amphibious animal valued for its fur; a hat or cap made of the fur.