5. Gave $22.50 for 18 barrels of apples; what was paid for 1 barrel? For 5 barrels ? For 10 barrels ?

Ans. $20 for all. 6. Bought 153 pounds of tea for $90.27; what was it per pound? Ans. $0.59. 7. A merchant purchased a bale of cloth, containing 73 yards, for $414.64; what was the cost of 1 yard?

Ans. $5.68. 8. If 126 pounds of butter cost $16.38, what will 1 pound cost? Ans. $0.13. 9. If 63 pounds of tea cost $58.59, what will 1 pound cost? Ans. $0.93.

10. If 76 cwt. of beef cost $249.28, what will 1 cwt. cost?

Ans. $3.28.

Ans. $4.68.

11. If 96,000 feet of boards cost $1120.32, what will a thousand feet cost? Ans. $11.67. 12. Sold 169 tons of timber for $790.92; what was received for 1 ton? 13. When 369 tons of potash are sold for $48910.95, what is received for 1 ton? Ans. $132.55. 14. For 19 cords of wood I paid $109.25; what was paid for 1 cord? Ans. $5.75.

PRACTICAL QUESTIONS BY ANALYSIS.

ART. 76. ANALYSIS is an examination of a question by resolving it into its parts, in order to consider them separately, and thus render each step in the solution plain and intelligible.

ART. 77. The price of one pound, yard, bushel, &c., being given, to find the price of any quantity.

RULE.-Multiply the price by the quantity.

Ex. 1. If 1 ton of hay cost $12, what will 29 tons cost?

Ans. $348. ILLUSTRATION Since 1 ton costs $12, 29 tons will cost 29 times as much: $12 × 29

=

$348.

2. If 1 bushel of salt cost 93 cents, what will 40 bushels cost? What will 97 bushels cost? Ans. $90.21.

QUESTIONS. Art. 77. The price of 1 pound, &c., being given, how do you find the price of any quantity? Give the reason for this rule.

Ans. $29.70.

3. If 1 bushel of apples cost $1.65, what will 5 bushels cost? What will 18 bushels cost? 4. If 1 ton of clay cost $0.67, what will 7 tons cost? What will 63 tons cost? Ans. $42.21. 5. When $7.83 are paid for 1 cwt. of sugar, what will 12 cwt. cost? What will 93 cwt. cost? Ans. $728.19. 6. When $0.09 are paid for 1 lb. of beef, what will 12 lb. cost? Ans. $68.40. 7. A gentleman paid $38.37 for 1 acre of land; what was the cost of 20 acres. What would 144 acres cost?

What will 760 lb. cost?

Ans. $5525.28. 8. Paid $6.83 for 1 barrel of flour; what was the value of 9 barrels? What must be paid for 108 barrels ?

Ans. $737.64.

ART. 78. The price of any quantity, and the quantity being given, to find the price of a unit of that quantity.

RULE. Divide the price by the quantity.

9. If 15 bushels of corn cost $10.35, what will 1 bushel cost?

ILLUSTRATION.

Ans. $0.69.

Since 15 bushels cost $10.35, 1 bushel will cost as many cents as 15 is contained times in $10.35: $10.35 ÷15

=

$0.69.

10. Bought 65 barrels of flour for $422.50; what cost one barrel? What cost 15 barrels ?

Ans. $97.50.

11. For 45 acres of land a farmer paid $2025; what cost 1 acre? What 180 acres?

Ans. $8100.

12. For 5 pairs of gloves a lady paid $3.45; what cost 1 pair? What cost 11 pairs? Ans. $7.59. 13. If 11 tons of hay cost $214.50, what will 1 ton cost? What will 87 tons cost? Ans. $1696.50.

14. When $60 are paid for 8 dozen of arithmetics, what will 1 dozen cost? What will 87 dozen cost? Ans. $652.50. 15. Gave $5.58 for 9 bushels of potatoes; what will 1 bushel cost? What will 43 bushels cost? Ans. $26.66. 16. Bought 5 tons of hay for $85; what would 1 ton cost? What would 97 tons cost? Ans. $1619.

QUESTIONS. Art. 78. How do you find the price of 1 pound, &c., the price of any quantity and the quantity being given? What is the reason for this rule ?

17. If J. Ladd will sell 20 lb. of butter for $3.80, what should he charge for 59 lb.? Ans. $11.21.

18. Sold 27 acres of land for $472.50; what was the price of 1 acre? What should be given for 12 acres? Ans. $210. 19. Paid $39.69 for 7 cords of wood; what will 1 cora cost? What will 57 cords cost?. Ans. $323.19.

20. Paid $10.08 for 144 lb. of pepper; what was the price of 1 pound? What cost 359 lb.?

Ans. $25.13.

Ans. $32.31.

21. Paid $77.13 for 857 lb. of rice; what cost 1 lb.? What cost 359 lb. ? 22. J. Johnson paid $187.53 for 987 gal. of molasses; what cost 1 gal.? What cost 329 gal.?

Ans. $62.51.

23. For 47 bushels of salt J. Ingersoll paid $26.32; what cost 1 bushel? What cost 39 bushels ? Ans. $21.84.

ART. 79. The price of any quantity and the price of a unit of that quantity being given, to find the quantity.

RULE. — Divide the whole price by the price of a unit of the quantity required.

24. If I expend $150 for coal at $6 per ton, how many tons can I purchase? Ans. 25 tons.

ILLUSTRATION. Since I pay $6 for 1 ton, I can purchase as many tons with $150 as $6 is contained times in $150: $150 $625; therefore I can purchase 25 tons.

Ans. 29 barrels.

25. At $5 per ream, how many reams of paper can be bought for $175 ? Ans. 35 reams. 26. At $7.50 per barrel, how many barrels of flour can be obtained for $217.50? 27. At $75 per ton, how many tons of iron can be purchased for $4875? Ans. 65 tons. 28. At $4 per yard, how many yards of cloth can be bought for $1728? Ans. 432 yards. 29. How many hundred weight of hay can be bought for $9.66, if $0.69 are paid for 1 hundred weight? Ans. 14 hundred weight. 30. If $66.51 are paid for flour at $7.39 per barrel, how many barrels can be bought? Ans. 9 barrels. 31. Paid $136.50 for wood, at $3.25 per cord; how many cords did I buy? Ans. 42 cords.

QUESTIONS. Art. 79. How do you find the quantity, the price of 1 pound, &c., being given? Give the reason for the rule.

BILLS.

ART. 80. A BILL is a paper, given by merchants, containing a statement of goods sold, and their prices.

An invoice is a bill of merchandise shipped or forwarded to a purchaser, or selling agent.

The date of a bill is the time and place of the transaction. The bill is against the party owing, and in favor of the party who is to receive the amount due.

A bill is receipted, when the receiving of the amount due is acknowledged by the party in whose favor it is. A clerk, or any other authorized person, may, in his stead, receipt for him, as in bill 2.

When the items of a bill have been rendered at different dates, the several times may be given at the left hand, as in bill 5.

When the bill is in the form of an account, containing items of debt and credit in its settlement, it is required to find the difference due, or balance, as in bill 5.

What is the cost of each article in, and the amount due of, each of the following bills?

(1.)

Dr. JOHN SMITH,

New York, May 20, 1856.

Bought of SOMES & GRIDLEY,

82 gals. Temperance Wine, at $0.75

89 "" Port

24 pairs Silk Gloves,

Received payment,

do.

QUESTIONS.- Art. 80. What is a bill, in mercantile transactions? What is an invoice? When is a bill against, and when in favor of a party? How is a bill receipted?