The whole question of titles, finally, came up for review. The Kingston Whig of September 27th stated that "there was a time when titles were not esteemed as they now are, a time when some of the most representative of our public men declined to accept them because they were not desirable under certain conditions. But that time has passed." Other papers, however, found various causes for dissatisfaction. Some disliked the omission of President Loudon, of Toronto University; others the passing over of all the Mayors in Canada, but one; others a lack of apparent logic in the list; othersnotably the Farmers' Sun, of Toronto-the selection of the head of a great railway which was regarded "as a power of political and commercial evil."

Incidents of the Royal Visit

The more or less important subjects of discussion connected with the Royal tour of Canada were numerous. One of them was the wide-spread opinion that the Duke of Cornwall and York would like to be spared the receipt of formal Addresses of welcome as much as possible. The fact that only in this way could the local condition and sentiment of large portions of the Dominion be brought to the visitor's attention, or find fitting public expression, was largely lost sight of, and the avoidance of fuss and feathers; the presentation of documents which, it was said, would never be read; the burden of listening to the continuous repetition of similar thoughts and phrases; the uselessness of documents which had to be supervised by Major Maude standing as genuine expressions of popular feeling; the fact that Canadian loyalty might now be taken for granted; the generally formal character of such documents; and the fact that the King, when in Canada, received 380 Addresses, and could never have really appreciated them; were all urged as reasons against the practice.

The result was undoubtedly seen in the comparatively few Addresses presented outside of the places visited and the marked absence of any from the towns and cities of Western Ontario. The necessity of submitting them to the authorities at Ottawa, so that His Royal Highness could know of their contents and character before receiving and answering them, was perhaps the chief reason of this condition of affairs. In this connection, it must be said that the Duke's replies to those that he did receive were more than favourably commented upon. The Sentinel Review of Woodstock declared that they were evidences of great capacity as a public speaker and of qualities which had probably been inherited from his Royal father. The St. John Sun, of September 21st, stated that "our Royal visitor has, during this tour, distinguished himself by the grace, the good taste, good feeling and good sense of his public utterances." Another and collateral point, which attracted attention, was the accent and voice of the Duke. The Toronto World led an interesting discussion by claiming that the Heir Apparent spoke as Canadians do and not with the peculiar softness of pronunciation which characterizes so many Englishmen.

Some question arose regarding military matters. The command of the forces under review at Halifax was, for a time, the subject of newspaper discussion, but finally Major-General O'Grady-Haly of the Militia received the nominal command, and Colonel Biscoe of the regular troops the practical and working command. At Quebec, Lieut.-Col. J. A. G. Hudon declined to receive a war medal because he thought other Canadian officers in South Africa, who had done less service than himself, had been given greater marks of appreciation. Trouble occurred at Ottawa owing to Major-General O'Grady-Haly's order of September 12th, that returned soldiers from South Africa must appear before the Duke either in the uniform of their present regiments or in civilian costume. A number came in khaki and were afterwards tried for the offence. Eventually, however, the matter was dropped. In connection with the different reviews, the Militia Department came in for some criticism on the ground of too small allowances to the men under arms. The necessity of coming to certain centres to receive South African medals was also made a subject of complaint in some quarters against Lord Minto and Major Maude.

The provision for military escorts or guards of honour at the stations and stopping places and residences of the Royal visitors was a most complex matter, and must have caused those in charge much trouble. Much criticism of the local military management was caused in Toronto by the charges for seats to witness the Royal Review, but it was afterwards mitigated by the great success of that function. The appointment of Major Septimus Denison, C.M.G. as A.D.C. to His Royal Highness was an appreciated compliment to a most capable officer. The net result of all the work and local controversy was, however, a series of really splendid military functions, and the MajorGeneral-in-Command of the Militia undoubtedly expressed the truth when he declared in a General Order, issued on October 28th, that he would always be proud of having commanded on this historic occasion and of the good conduct of the troops. "He is fully aware that these excellent results were not attained without considerable personal sacrifices on the part of officers, non-commissioned officers and men, but he believes that these successful large mobilizations will prove of lasting benefit to Canada's military forces."

The journey of the Royal visitors across the Continent and back again, through the various Provinces and over the different railways of the Dominion was carried out in unique comfort and luxury, in the special cars built by the Canadian Pacific Railway at great cost for the occasion. Another car built by order of the Government at Dayton, Ohio, was not used for the Royal party but for Sir Wilfrid Laurier and his suite. Its construction in the United States came in for much criticism at the hands of the Conservative press. The reply was that the Minister of Railways had given orders on behalf of the Intercolonial for all the cars and locomotives which could be made by Canadian works and that he was compelled to go abroad for this special train. In connection with this matter may be mentioned the great degree of comfort and care enjoyed by the Press correspondents

who accompanied the Royal party and shared in the luxuries of a portion of the Canadian Pacific train of cars. From Halifax, on October 22nd, the Prime Minister was sent a letter of grateful thanks signed by Mr. Melton Prior and Mr. Marc Sauvalle on behalf of the English and Canadian correspondents, respectively, and referring to the many kindnesses shown them by the Dominion Government during the tour. In the Royal train was a Canadian Library specially arranged for the edification of the Duke and Duchess and composed of works written by Sir James Le Moine, Lieut.-Col. G. T. Denison, L. A. Frechette, C.M.G., Wm. Kerby, Gilbert Parker, M.P., Ralph Connor, Wm. McLennan, Clifford Smith, W. A. Fraser, J. Castell Hopkins, W. D. Lighthall, Dr. T. H. Rand, Dr. G. R. Parkin, C.M.G., Ernest Seton-Thompson, Principal George M. Grant, C.M.G., Grant Allan, J. Macdonald Oxley and others.

There were a number of amusing episodes during the tour and incidents which indicated certain Canadian characteristics. One was the refusal of Mr. Thomas Mackie, M.P., at Ottawa, to wear the regulation costume at the Royal Reception there. He had never worn a high hat and Prince Albert coat, and he was not going to commence on this occasion. Another was the refusal of the Department of Marine and Fisheries to break through the close season regulations in order to let the Royal visitors taste Canadian oysters rather than those of Baltimore, U.S.A. The Hamilton Herald wanted to know how often the laws were broken for reasons of courtesy at the Customs and elsewhere when travelling Canadian Ministers of the Crown were concerned. Ottawa papers took the ground that both the King and the King's son were subject to the law, as well as the poorest citizen, and, of course there was no logical reply to such an argument.

Pleasure was created in many circles by the Duke's refusal to lay the corner stone of a public building at Revelstoke, B.C., on a Sunday -the only time available for this particular function. A much discussed incident in some of the papers was a letter written by Major Maude to Mayor Morris, of Ottawa, in response to certain questions as to ceremonial, etc. After lengthy observations upon the points raised, the Secretary to the Governor-General concluded as follows: "His Excellency quite understands Your Worship's motives in wishing for information and he trusts that Your Worship will be able to take your place as chief representative of the City of Ottawa in fitting manner on the occasion of the forthcoming Royal visit." sentence in times of less heat and excitement would probably not have been thought of as anything but a civil conclusion to a long letter. But more than one newspaper expressed the belief that it was an intentional and insolent reflection by Major Maude upon the Ottawa Mayor's capacity and manners.

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In Winnipeg considerable regret was felt at the Duke's refusal to lay the corner stone of a monument to Queen Victoria. unexpressed reason was perhaps the fact that a similar function performed in Toronto by his Royal father in 1860 was never followed

up by the erection of the Memorial. The disappointment in Montreal over the cancellation of the Royal Reception owing to the President's funeral was very keen, and Mayor Prefontaine was authority for the statement that $150,000 had been spent upon dresses for the occasion. At Vancouver the fishermen refused to have anything to do with the Royal visit as a means of expressing their discontent over the Imperial disapproval of anti-Japanese legislation in that Province. One of the incidents of the visit there, however, was the presentation of a long poem addressed to His Royal Highness, written by Miss Marie Joussaye and dealing with the grievances of labour. Incidentally it may be said that two extremely good poems upon the tour were written by Mr. Clive Phillipps-Wolley, of Victoria, B.C., and Mr. Duncan Campbell Scott, of Ottawa.

One of the most criticised incidents of a minor character was the omission to invite the clergymen of different denominations to the Royal platform at Ottawa where the Roman Catholic and Anglican Churches were fully represented. Interviews were published by the local newspapers with leading clergymen and the controversy was prominently shared in by the Rev. Dr. Herridge, Presbyterian, and the Rev. Dr. McIntosh, Congregationalist, of Ottawa, and by the Rev. Dr. Potts, Methodist, of Toronto. In British Columbia the same question of religious precedence was discussed in the papers of Victoria, and a Resolution was passed by the Methodist Conference at Nelson demanding a place in the official table of precedence.

The cost of the Royal reception in the country as a whole was considerable. The Dominion Government originally asked $120,000, but this sum was very largely exceeded-$300,000 being a reasonable estimate. The Canadian Pacific Railway spent a large sum upon its special cars. Montreal voted $15,000 and its Citizens' Committee raised some $17,000 more. The City of Toronto voted $10,000 and spent $14,000, while the arches erected by the Foresters and Manufacturers cost several thousand each-the latter $6,500. The City of Halifax voted $3,000 and spent $2,984. The City of Winnipeg, in the contributions of the Provincial Government, City Council and citizens generally, spent some $4,687. Hamilton voted $1,000. Kingston spent some $3,000, London voted $2,000, and Victoria, B.C., voted $5,000 and slightly exceeded that amount. In Quebec the expenditure was largely official, and in Halifax the case very similar. In Ottawa, out of an appropriation of $10,000, $1,462 was returned to the city treasury. The expenditure in St. John was $8,000.

Local Committees of Reception

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One of the most talked-of minor subjects in connection with the Royal visit was the organization, composition and work of the Committees which had in charge, or assumed charge of the local preparations and receptions. The first to be constituted was that of Montreal, where, on May 18th, a meeting was held, and the following Executive was appointed: the Hon. George A. Drummond (Chairman), the Hon. Arthur Boyer, Senator Dandurand, Hon. L. J. Forget, Lieut.-Col. F. C. Henshaw,

Sir William Hingston, Chief Justice Sir Alexandre Lacoste, Dr. F. J. Sheppard, Mr. Justice Loranger, Sir W. C. Macdonald, Mayor Prefontaine, M.P., the Hon. N. Perodeau, Lieut.-Col. Starke, Chief Justice Sir Melbourne Tait, Sir W. C. Van Horne and Messrs. H. M. Allan, R. B. Angus, A. Baumgarten, S. Beaudin, Charles Cassils, E. S. Clouston, James Crathern, Hugh Graham, A. W. Hooper, C. R. Hosmer, H. V. Meredith, F. D. Monk, M.P., Donald Macmaster, K.C., G. B. Reeve, James Ross, T. G. Shaughnessy, C. F. Smith, Richard White and W. J. White. The Hon. J. P. B. Casgrain and Mr. J. B. Allan were appointed joint Hon.-Secretaries. This Committee did much work in friendly co-operation with the City Council Committee, collected thousands of dollars for decorations, and erected, or caused to be erected, various interesting and elaborate arches. It was currently supposed that Senator Drummond would have been knighted, but this did not take place. On December 13th, he was banquetted at a large gathering of the Committee, in appreciation of his services in this connection, and Sir Alexandre Lacoste occupied the chair. There were a number of Sub-Committees, of which the Chairmen were Messrs. H. M. Allan, James Ross, T. G. Shaughnessy and Donald Macmaster, Sir Alexandre Lacoste, Mr. Justice Baby, Senator Drummond and Lieut.-Col. Starke.

In Ottawa, the General Committee was composed of the prominent men of the capital, though at one stage there was criticism as to omissions. The Executive was appointed on June 10th and combined the members of the Council and the citizens in one Committee with Ald. Dearing as Chairman. Ald. Dearing was also Chairman of the Finance Sub-Committee; Mr. C. Berkeley Powell, M.P.P., presided over that of Decorations and Illuminations; Mr. Emmanuel Tasse was Chairman of the Music and Entertainment Sub-Committee; Mr. W. Y. Soper, of that upon Transportation; Mr. Frederick Colson, of that upon the Address, which also included Messrs. Fred. Cook, Joseph Pope, M. J. Griffin and Ald. Ellis; Ald. Dearing was Chairman of the Reception and Badge Sub-Committee; Mr. P. D. Ross, of the Press Committee. The Advisory Board was composed of Mr. Berkeley Powell as Chairman, Mayor Morris, Ald. Dearing, Ald. James Davidson, and Messrs. H. Ñ. Bate, W. Y. Soper, E. Tasse and P. D. Ross. The Lumbermen's Committee had Mr. J. R. Booth as Chairman and Mr. J. C. Browne as Secretary.

Toronto had a permanent Reception Committee in its City Council with Ald. E. Strachan Cox as Chairman, and it was generally understood that the official side of the welcome would be in their hands. But it was also thought that much work remained for the citizens to do and that a Committee after the Montreal plan would be desirable. On June 21st, a meeting was held under call from the Mayor, and a large General Committee appointed, of which Mayor Howland became Chairman, Senator Melvin Jones, Lieut.-Col. George T. Denison, Mr. E. F. Clarke, M.P., and Mr. J. J. Foy, K.C., M.P.P., Vice-Chairmen, with Mr. D. R. Wilkie as Treasurer and Mr. J. Castell Hopkins as Hon. Secretary. For various reasons, however, the Committee did not