Further comments came as a result of some senseless cable gossip from an American correspondent stating that the title "Emperor of Canada" was under consideration by the Imperial authorities. There was no evidence that this was a fact, but the suggestion was immediately deprecated by the press as unsuitable and undesirable. The Toronto Mail and Empire declared the use of this phrase to be unsuitable, and thought that if a change was determined upon the Dominion might very well be described as one of the Kingdoms forming the Empire. The London News favoured "King of Canada,” the Hamilton Post supported "Emperor of Canada" as the proper designation, while the Guelph Herald thought "Emperor of Great Britain" would cover the ground. The Fredericton Gleaner considered that the time had come for Canada and Australia to take their place as sister Kingdoms beside England, Ireland and Scotland. At the annual meeting of the British Empire League in Canada on February 13th, a Resolution was unanimously passed, on motion of Mr. H. M. Mowat, K.C., of Toronto, and Sir Hibbert Tupper, of Vancouver, ordering "that representations be made to the parent League urging that the present is a fitting time for the name of Canada to be associated with the other domains already mentioned in the title of His Majesty the King, and asking the endeavours of the parent League to bring that about."

Meanwhile the matter was being seriously considered in Great Britain. On January 20th Mr. Chamberlain telegraphed the Governors-General of Canada and Australia that "King Edward's accession offers an opportunity of considering the Monarch's titles and I am very desirous that the separate and greatly increased importance of the Colonies should be recognized if possible." He went on to suggest the designation of "King of Great Britain and Ireland and of Greater Britain beyond the Seas;" to deprecate the inclusion of Canada and Australia separately because of the protests which might follow from the smaller Colonies; and to ask for the opinion of the Ministries of Australia and Canada upon the subject.

The Canadian Government replied through Lord Minto approving the general proposal; objecting to the words "Greater Britain," however, as hardly appropriate; and proposing the additional title of 'King of Canada, Australia, South Africa and all the British Dominions beyond the Seas" or, if brevity were preferred, that of "King, or Sovereign of all the British Dominions beyond the Seas." For the Commonwealth Ministry, Lord Hopetoun stated that the designation "Sovereign Lord of the British Realms beyond the Seas" would best please His Majesty's subjects in Australia. The Colonial Secretary then consulted the Governors of Cape Colony, Natal, New Zealand and Newfoundland, reciting the various proposals and expressing himself as personally in favour af the style "King of all the British Dominions beyond the Seas." The Colonies mentioned joined in approval of the same title and in expressing pleasure at the proposed compliment to the countries concerned.

On July 21st Lord Strathcona was interviewed by the London Daily News and declared that the people of the Dominion "would have been glad if Canada could have been specially mentioned in the new title, but, of course, the inclusion of the names of the great selfgoverning communities would have made the name too long and they will be quite satisfied with the decision of the Government." Sir Horace Tozer, Agent-General for Queensland, Sir Walter Peace for Natal, and the Hon. H. Copeland for New South Wales expressed the same view. Finally it was announced that the Sovereign would be recommended to adopt the style and title of Edward VII. "by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, King, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India." This was duly proclaimed in London on November 4th and thereafter in the Colonies. Of the new title there was general approval in Canada, perhaps the only objection of prominence coming from Mr. Goldwin Smith, who did not like its assumption of nominal as well as actual sovereignty over the Colonies. In the columns of the Toronto Sun, on July 31st, after some criticism of details, he went on to say: "Criticisms of this kind, however, are of little importance, compared with the challenge practically thrown out, in the assumption of the new title in regard to Canada, by Old World monarchy and aristocracy to the democracy of the New World. It is difficult to forecast the immediate course of events upon this continent; but it may pretty safely be surmised that the challenge will in some way be ultimately accepted. Might it not have been wise to leave the Act of Settlement alone?"

The King's
Birthday

The first anniversary of King Edward's Birthday was quietly celebrated in Canada on November 9th. The Governor-General's state dinner at Ottawa; a state dinner at the Union Club in Victoria by Lieut-Governor Sir H. G. Joly de Lotbinière; a very large dinner given by Lord Strathcona and Mount Royal at Montreal; a banquet given in the same city by the First Prince of Wales Fusiliers, with Lieut.-Colonel J. P. Cooke in the chair; a dinner held at the National Club in Toronto with Mr. J. F. Ellis in the chair, and speeches by Mayor Howland, C.M.G., Lieut.-Colonel G. T. Denison, Hon. George E. Foster and Mr. D. R. Wilkie; were the chief events which marked the day. Lieut.-Governor Sir L. A. Jetté, of Quebec, also gave a dinner as did most of the other Lieut.-Governors.

Sermons were preached on Sunday, November 10th, in various churches throughout the Dominion and many loyal references made to the new reign and the new Sovereign. Especially eloquent was that of the Very Rev. Dean Carmichael of Montreal. "Never did monarch assume the Royal sceptre with greater quietness and becoming dignity than our present King and never, I believe, was the Empire more firmly welded to the throne and the throne to the Empire than at the present moment." War might have its sorrows and Britain her troubles, but "no King that ever ruled her had at his back a more consolidated and loyal host of subjects." He

would go down to posterity as "the great and wise son of the greatest and wisest Queen.'

The morning of the King's anniversary opened with Royal salutes fired at Halifax, Charlottetown, St. John, Quebec, Montreal, Ottawa, Kingston, Toronto, London, Winnipeg and Victoria. The press was absolutely unanimous in its congratulations and loyalty. Only a very slight reference can be made here to what was said. The phrase "every inch a King" was frequently used in these comments; the Halifax Chronicle thought that November 9th should be "the great day of our Imperial year;" the Vancouver Province spoke of His Majesty as "a man of ripe judgment and infinite tact." popular celebration of the day was, however, very slight-partly because it was a new holiday, partly on account of the bad weather usual at the time of the year, partly because of Thanksgiving Day having been appointed for a couple of weeks later.

The

There was a good deal of discussion in the press as to how the holiday should be observed in view of the large number of holidays now kept, and the establishment of May 24th as Victoria Day. By some papers it was thought that Thanksgiving Day should be abolished as not really serving the purpose for which it was originally appointed, and as being an American innovation which had never been really popular in Canada-owing largely to the late period in the year in which it was held. Others thought that for the latter reason November 9th could never be as widely observed as the Queen's Birthday had been. The majority of the papers seemed to think that Thanksgiving Day and the King's Birthday might very well be celebrated together on November 9th, and that Parliament should arrange this for the future.

Preliminary
Arrange-
ments and
Opinions

Section VII-THE ROYAL TOUR OF CANADA

On September 17, 1900, it was announced by the Colonial Office that Her Majesty the Queen had assented to the request of the Australian Colonies that H.R.H. the Duke of York should open their newly established Federal Parliament in the spring of 1901. "Her Majesty at the same time wishes to signify her sense of the loyalty and devotion which have prompted the spontaneous aid so liberally offered by all the Colonies in the South African War, and of the splendid gallantry of her Colonial troops." After the death of the Queen it was feared that the time might not be considered opportune for carrying out the project, but on February 14, 1901, the King announced in his Speech to Parliament, that the visit to Australia would not be abandoned and that it would be extended to the Dominion of Canada. "I still desire to give effect to Her late Majesty's wishes

as an evidence of her interest as well as my own in all that concerns the welfare of my subjects beyond the seas."

On March 14th, the Duke of York-then also Duke of Cornwallsailed from Portsmouth with the Duchess of Cornwall and York, on a nine month's tour of the Empire. During the ensuing six months they visited Gibraltar, Malta, Port Said, Suez, Aden, Colombo, Singapore, Melbourne, Brisbane, Sydney, Auckland, Wellington, Lyttleton, Dunedin, Hobart, Adelaide, Freemantle, Mauritius, Durban, Simonstown, Cape Town, Ascension, St. Vincent and other places in Asia, Africa, Australia and New Zealand-a distance of 30,000 miles by sea and land under the British flag and amongst communities owning the sovereignty or suzerainty of the British Crown.

The Royal Suite consisted of a number of notable men including H. S.H. Prince Alexander of Teck, K.C.v.o., brother of the Duchess; Lord Wenlock, G.C.S.I., G.C.I.E., who was at one time Governor of Madras; Lieut.-Col. Sir Arthur Bigge, G.c.V.O., K.C.B., C.M.G., so well known as Private Secretary for many years to the late Queen Victoria; Sir John Anderson, K.C.M.G., a prominent official of the Colonial Office; Sir Donald Mackenzie Wallace, K.C.I.E., journalist and author; Captain, the Viscount Crichton, D.S.O., A.D.C. and Lieutenant, the Duke of Roxburghe, M.V.O.; the Hon. Derek Keppel M.V.O., and Commander Sir Charles Cust, Bart, M.V.O., R.N., were Equerries. The Rev. J. N. Dalton, M.A., C.M.G., was Chaplain, and amongst other members of the Royal party were the Commander of the Ophir, Commodore A. L. Winsloe, R.N., Commander B. Godfrey-Tansell, R.N., A.D.C., Major J. H. Bor, C.M.G., A.D.C., Chevalier E. de Martino, M.V.O., Marine Artist, Mr. Sydney Hall and Dr. A. R. Manby. With Her Royal Highness as Ladies-in-Waiting were Lady Mary Lygon, Lady Catharine Coke and Mrs. Derek Keppel. Meanwhile, the Queen's death had caused uneasiness in Canada as to the continuance of the

tour and thereafter considerable uncertainty existed for a time as to how much of the country could be included in the arrangements. At the opening of Parliament on February 7th, the Speech from the Throne made the following announcement:

Acting on the advice of my Ministers, I had, previously to the great grief which has fallen upon the nation, tendered an invitation on your behalf to His Royal Highness the Duke of Cornwall and York to conclude his intended visit to Australasia by one to the Dominion of Canada, and I am glad to be able to inform you that His Royal Highness has been pleased to signify his acceptance of the same. I still hope that that visit may not be considered impossible. I have no doubt of the warmth of the welcome with which he will be received.

In the Senate four days later, Mr. Ellis expressed an earnest hope that the Royal journey would be carried out and extended to Canada. "No form of words could express the desire we would have that the Prince should come here." Mr. Melvin Jones hoped that the Duke would see Canada from ocean to ocean and spoke of the wonderful Empire which he was proposing to visit. Sir Mackenzie Bowell echoed the idea. "Nothing will so tend to expand his ideas as to the importance and magnitude of the Empire over which he may be called to rule, as travelling through the different portions of it." In the House of Commons, Mr. Guthrie, mover of the Address, said that all Canadians, without distinction, would prepare to give a loyal and fitting welcome to the Prince, not only on his own account, but as the son of the King and grandson of their late loved Sovereign. Mr. Marcil spoke of the historic visit of the Prince of Wales in 1860. "Canada will feel proud and happy, and in a particular manner the people of the Province of Quebec, I have no doubt, will be delighted to tender the Royal visitor just as enthusiastic and as loyal a reception as that accorded his illustrious father." Mr. R. L. Borden declared that there were many pleasant memories of Prince George down by the sea, and that nowhere would he be more warmly welcomed than in Nova Scotia.

Shortly afterwards the King's assurance upon this point became public. On February 26th, the Hon E. G. Prior expressed the anxiety of the Western part of Canada by asking in the House of Commons if the reports that Their Royal Highnesses did not intend to visit the Pacific Coast were true. Sir Wilfrid Laurier replied that private correspondence was being exchanged between Ottawa and London upon the subject. A few days later, on March 5th, it was announced that the Royal couple would visit British Columbia. There was then some discussion as to the landing place. Halifax expected and was desirous of the honour and its Council passed a Resolution urging the matter upon the consideration of the authorities. Finally, on May 14th, it was stated officially that Quebec had been selected, and that September 16th would be the date of arrival.

Meantime, the press of the Dominion had been dealing with the Royal visit from various standpoints; though the same conclusion was nearly always reached by the English-speaking papers of the country -the conclusion that it could only result in good to Canada and to