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WERNER.

ACT I

SCENE I.

The Hall of a decayed Palace near a small Town on the Northern Frontier of Silesia-the Night tempestuous.

WERNER(1) and JOSEPHINE his wife. Jos. My love, be calmer!

lenheim) added by myself: but in the rest the ori ginal is chiefly followed. When I was young (about fourteen, I think), I first read this tale, which made a deep impression upon me; and may, indeed, be said to contain the germ of much that I have since written. I am not sure that it ever was very popular; or, at any rate, its popularity has since been eclipsed by that of other great writers in the same department. But I have generally found that those who had read it agreed with me in their estimate of the singular power of mind and conception which it developes. I should also add conception, rather than execution; for the story might, perhaps, have been developed with greater advantage. Amongst those whose opinions agreed with mine upon this story, I could mention some very high names: but it is not necessary, nor indeed of any use; for every one must judge according to his own feelings. I merely refer the reader to the original story, that he may see to what extent I have borrowed from it; and am not unwilling that he should find much greater | pleasure in perusing it than the drama which is Wer. 'Tis chill; the tapestry lets through founded upon its contents. The wind to which it waves: my blood is frozen. Jos. Ah, no!

I had begun a drama upon this tale so far back as 1815 (the first I ever attempted, except one at thirteen years old, called Ulric and Ilvina, which I had sense enough to burn), and nearly completed an act, when I was interrupted by circumstances. This is somewhere amongst my papers in England; but as it has not been found, I have re-written the first, and added the subsequent acts.

The whole is neither intended, nor in any shape adapted, for the stage. (1)

PISA, February, 1822.

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Wer.

Jos.

I am calm.

To me

Yes, but not to thyself: thy pace is hurried,
And no one walks a chamber like to ours
With steps like thine when his heart is at rest.
Were it a garden, I should deem thee happy,
And stepping with the bee from flower to flower;
But here!

Wer. (smiling.) Why! wouldst thou have it so?
Jos.
I would

Have it a healthful current.

Wer.

Let it flow
Until 't is spilt or check'd—how soon, I care not.
Jos. And am I nothing in thy heart?

Wer.

All-all.

Jos. Then canst thou wish for that which must break mine?

Wer. (approaching her slowly.) But for thee I had been no matter what,

But much of good and evil; what I am,

Thou knowest; what I might or should have been,
Thou knowest not: but still I love thee, nor

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Let me be wretched with the rest!

Emily's and the Clergyman's Tale, or Pembroke, were con- (2) "Werner-we mean Kruitzner-is admirably drawn. tributed by Sophia Lee, the author of The Recess, the comedy of Who does not recognise in him the portrait of too common a The Chapter of Accidents, and Ameyda, a tragedy, who died character? The man of shining talent, ardent mind, powerful in 1824. The German's Tale, and all the others in the Canter-connexions, brilliant prospects, who, after squandering away all bury Collection, were written by Harriet, the younger of the sisters.-E.

(1) Werner is, however, one of Lord Byron's dramas that has proved successful in representation. It is still (1834) in possession of the stage.-E.

in wanton self-indulgence, having lived only for himself, finds himself bankrupt in fortune and character, the prey of bitter regret, yet, unrepentant, as selfish in remorse as in his gaiety All that is inconsistent in the character of Kruitzner is rendered still more so in the Werner of the drama. If he is made some

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How many in this hour of tempest shiver
Beneath the biting wind and heavy rain,
Whose every drop bows them down nearer earth,
Which hath no chamber for them save beneath
Her surface.
Wer.
And that's not the worst: who cares
For chambers? rest is all. The wretches whom

Thou namest―ay, the wind howls round them, and
The dull and dropping rain saps in their bones
The creeping marrow. I have been a soldier,
A hunter, and a traveller, and am

Jos. (abruptly.) My son-our son—our Ulric, Been clasp'd again in these long-empty arms, And all a mother's hunger satisfied.

Twelve years! he was but eight then: -beautiful
He was, and beautiful he must be now,
My Ulric! my adored!

Wer.

I have been full oft
The chase of Fortune; now she hath o'ertaken
My spirit where it cannot turn at bay,—
Sick, poor, and lonely.

Jos.
Lonely! my dear husband?
Wer. Or worse-involving all I love, in this

A beggar, and should know the thing thou talk'st of. Far worse than solitude. Alone, I had died,

Jos. And art thou not now shelter'd from them all?
Wer. Yes. And from these alone.
Jos.

And that is something.

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times less criminal, he appears only the more weak, and his conduct is as wayward as his fate. His remorse at taking the rouleau from the man who was about to usurp his domains and throw him into prison is somewhat overcharged; and though his horror at hearing of Stralenheim's death is natural, it seems unaccountably to absorb his joy at finding himself delivered from his enemy, and restored to affluence. If his misfortune should appear to exceed his errors, let it be remembered, says his biographer, 'bow easily both might have been avoided, since an adherence to his duties at almost any period of his life would have spared him more than half his sufferings.' This is the moral of the tale; but it is but faintly illustrated in the drama. Werner is more the victim of what would be called fate. Lord Byron has not felt the real force of the character."-Ecl. Review.

(4) "In this play, Lord Byron adopts the same nerveless and pointless kind of blank verse, which was a sorrow to every body in his former dramatic essays. It is, indeed, 'most unmusical, most melancholy.'-'Ofs,' 'tos,' 'ands,' 'fors,' 'bys,' 'buts,' and the like, are the most common conclusions of a line; there is no ease, no flow, no harmony, 'in linked sweetness long drawn out: neither is there any thing of abrupt fiery vigour to compensate for these defects."-Blackwood.

(2) "In this drama there is absolutely no poetry to be found; and if the measure of verse which is here dealt to us be a sample

And all been over in a nameless grave.
Jos. And I had not outlived thee; but take
pray
Comfort! We have struggled long; and they who
strive

With Fortune win or weary her at last,
So that they find the goal or cease to feel
Further. Take comfort,-we shall find our boy.
Wer. We were in sight of him, of every thing
Which could bring compensation for past sorrow-
And to be baffled thus!

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We ne'er were wealthy.

Wer. But I was born to wealth, and rank, and

power;

Enjoy'd them, loved them, and, alas! abused them,
And forfeited them, by my father's wrath,
In my o'er fervent youth; but for the abuse
Long sufferings have atoned. My father's death
Left the path open, yet not without snares.
This cold and creeping kinsman, who so long
Kept his eye on me, as the snake upon
The fluttering bird, hath ere this time outstept me,
Become the master of my rights and lord

of what we are to expect for the future, we have only to entreat that Lord Byron will drop the ceremony of cutting up his prose into lines of ten, eleven, or twelve syllables (for he is not very punctilious on this head), and favour us with it in its natural state. It requires no very cunning alchemy to transmute his verse into prose, nor, reversing the experiment, to convert his plain sentences into verses like his own.-'When,' says Werner, but for this untoward sickness, which seized me upon this desolate frontier, and hath wasted, not alone my strength, but means, and leaves us-no! this is beyond me! but for this I had been happy.'-This is, indeed, beyond us. If this be poetry, then we were wrong in taking his Lordship's preface for prose. It will run on ten feet as well as the rest-[See antè, p. 599] :—

Some of the characters are modified

Or altered, a few of the names changed, and
One character (Ida of Stralenheim)
Added by myself; but in the rest the
Original is chiefly followed. When

I was young (about fourteen, I think) I
First read this tale, which made a deep impression
Upon me'-

Nor is there a line in these so lame and halting, but we could point out many in the drama as bad.”—Campbell.

Of that which lifts him up to princes in Dominion and domain.

'T is hopeless.

Jos. Who knows? our son May have return'd back to his grandsire, and Even now uphold thy rights for thee! Wer. Since his strange disappearance from my father's, Entailing, as it were, my sins upon Himself, no tidings have reveal'd his course. I parted with him to his grandsire, on The promise that his anger would stop short Of the third generation; but heaven seems To claim her stern prerogative, and visit Upon my boy his father's faults and follies.

Jos. I must hope better still,—at least we have yet Baffled the long pursuit of Stralenheim.

Wer. We should have done, but for this fatal sickness;

More fatal than a mortal malady,

Because it takes not life, but life's sole solace :
Even now I feel my spirit girt about
By the snares of this avaricious fiend ;-
How do I know he hath not track'd us here?

Jos. He does not know thy person; and his spies, Who so long watch'd thee, have been left at Hamburgh.

Our unexpected journey, and this change
Of name, leaves all discovery far behind:
None hold us here for aught save what we seem.
Wer. Save what we seem! save what we are-sick
beggars,

Even to our very hopes.-Ha! ha!

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Ponder'd not thus upon these worldly things,
My Werner! when you deign'd to choose for bride
The foreign daughter of a wandering exile.

Wer. An exile's daughter with an outcast's son
Were a fit marriage; but I still had hopes
To lift thee to the state we both were born for.
Your father's house was noble, though decay'd;
And worthy by its birth to match with ours.
Jos. Your father did not think so, though 't was
noble ;

But had my birth been all my claim to match

(1) "Werner's wife, Josephine, not only well maintains the character of her sex by general integrity, but equally displays the endearing, soft, and unshaken affection of a wife; cherishing and comforting a suffering husband throughout all the adversities of his fate, and all the errors of his own conduct. She is a native

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While they last, let me comfort or divide them;
When they end, let mine end with them, or thee! (1)
Wer. My better angel! such I have ever found thee;
This rashness, or this weakness of my temper,
Ne'er raised a thought to injure thee or thine.
Thou didst not mar my fortunes; my own nature
In youth was such as to unmake an empire,
Had such been my inheritance; but now,
Chasten'd, subdued, out-worn, and taught to know
Myself, to lose this for our son and thee!

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My name is Werner. Iden. A goodly name, a very worthy name As e'er was gilt upon a trader's board:.

I have a cousin in the lazaretto

Of Hamburgh, who has got a wife who bore
The same. He is an officer of trust,
Surgeon's assistant (hoping to be surgeon),
And has done miracles i' the way of business,
Perhaps you are related to my relative?
Wer. To yours?

Jos.

Oh, yes; we are, but distantly. Cannot you humour the dull gossip till We learn his purpose?

[Aside to WERNER. Iden. Well, I'm glad of that: I thought so all along, such natural yearnings Play'd round my heart!-blood is not water, cousin; And so let's have some wine, and drink unto Our better acquaintance : relatives should be Friends.

Wer. You appear to have drunk enough already; And, if you had not, I've no wine to offer, Else it were yours: but this you know, or should

know:

You see I am poor, ånd sick, and will not see
That I would be alone; but to your business!
What brings you here?

Iden.
Why, what should bring me here?
Wer. Iknow not, though I think that I could guess
That which will send you hence.

Patience, dear Werner!
Jos. (aside.)
Iden. You don't know what has happen'd, then?

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Iden. The river has o'erflow'd.
Jos.

That to our sorrow, for these five days; since
It keeps us here.
Iden.

But what you don't know is, That a great personage, who fain would cross, Against the stream and three postilions' wishes, Is drown'd below the ford, with five post-horses, A monkey, and a mastiff, and a valet.

Jos. Poor creatures! are you sure?
Iden.

Yes, of the monkey,

And the valet, and the cattle; but as yet
We know not if his excellency 's dead
Or no; your noblemen are hard to drown,
As it is fit that men in office should be;
But what is certain is, that he has swallow'd
Enough of the Oder to have burst two peasants;
And now a Saxon and Hungarian traveller,
Who, at their proper peril, snatch'd him from
The whirling river, have sent on to crave
A lodging, or a grave, according as
It may turn out with the live or dead body.
Jos. And where will you receive him? here, I hope,
If we can be of service-say the word.

Iden. Here! no; but in the prince's own apartment,
As fits a noble guest:-'tis damp, no doubt,
Not having been inhabited these twelve years;
But then he comes from a much damper place,
So scarcely will catch cold in 't, if he be
Still liable to cold-and if not, why

He'll be worse lodged to-morrow; ne'ertheless,
I have order'd fire and all appliances
To be got ready for the worst—that is,
In case he should survive.

Jos.

I hope he will, with all my

Poor gentleman! heart.

Intendant,

Wer. Have you not learn'd his name? My Josephine,

Retire: I'll sift this fool.

Iden.

[Aside to his wife. [Exit JOSEPHINE.

His name? oh Lord!
Who knows if he hath now a name or no?
'Tis time enough to ask it when he's able
To give an answer; or if not, to put

His heir's upon his epitaph. Methought
Just now you chid me for demanding names?
Wer. True, true, I did so ; you say well and wisely.
Enter GABOR. (1)

Gab. If I intrude, I crave――
Iden.

Oh, no intrusion!

This is the palace; this a stranger like

(1) "Some faults the poem has only in common with the ori-high-mettled soldier of fortune, whose appearances and disapginal. Gabor is a most inexplicable personage: he is always on pearances are alike singularly inopportune, and who ends in a the point of turning out something more than he proves to be. mere mercenary. His character is, we think, decidedly a faiA sort of mysterious horror is thrown around his impalpability, lure."-Ecl. Rev. in the tale; but in the drama, he is only a sentimental, moody,

Yourself; I pray you make yourself at home:
But where 's his excellency? and how fares he?
Gab. Wetly and wearily, but out of peril:
He paused to change his garments in a cottage
(Where I doff'd mine for these, and came on hither),
And has almost recover'd from his drenching.
He will be here anon.

What ho, there! bustle!

Iden.
Without there, Herman, Weilburg, Peter, Conrad!
[Gives directions to different servants who
enter.

A nobleman sleeps here to-night-see that
All is in order in the damask chamber-
Keep up the stove-I will myself to the cellar-
And Madame Idenstein (my consort, stranger,)
Shall furnish forth the bed-apparel; for,

To say the truth, they are marvellous scant of this
Within the palace precincts, since his highness
Left it some dozen years ago. And then
His excellency will sup, doubtless.

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I cannot tell; but I should think the pillow
Would please him better than the table after
His soaking in your river: but for fear
Your viands should be thrown away, I mean
To sup myself, and have a friend without
Who will do honour to your good cheer with
A traveller's appetite.
Iden.

But are you sure

His excellency- -But his name: what is it?
Gab. I do not know.
Iden.

And yet you saved his life.
Gab. I help'd my friend to do so.
Iden.

Well, that's strange,
To save a man's life whom you do not know.
Gab. Not so; for there are some I know so well,
I scarce should give myself the trouble.
Iden.

Good friend, and who may you be?

Gab. Hungarian.

Iden.

Gab.

Pray,

A glass of your Hockeimar—a green glass,
Wreath'd with rich grapes and Bacchanal devices,
O'erflowing with the oldest of your vintage;
For which I promise you, in case you e'er
| Run hazard of being drown'd (although I own
It seems, of all deaths, the least likely for you),
I'll pull you out for nothing. Quick! my friend,
And think, for every bumper I shall quaff,
A wave the less may roll above your head.

Iden. (aside.) I don't much like this fellow-close
and dry

He seems, two things which suit me not; however,
Wine he shall have; if that unlocks him not,

I shall not sleep to-night for curiosity.

[Exit IDENSTEIN.
Gab. (to WERNER.) This master of the ceremonies
The intendant of the palace, I presume: [is
"T is a fine building, but decay'd.
Wer.
The apartment
Design'd for him you rescued will be found
In fitter order for a sickly guest.

Gab. I wonder then you occupied it not,
For you seem delicate in health.
Wer. (quickly.)
Gab.

Sir!

Pray,

Excuse me: have I said aught to offend you?
Wer. Nothing: but we are strangers to each other.
Gab. And that's the reason I would have us less so:
I thought our bustling guest without had said
You were a chance and passing guest, the counter-
Of me and my companions.
[part

Wer.
Very true.
Gab. Then, as we never met before, and never,
It may be, may again encounter, why,
I thought to cheer up this old dungeon here
(At least to me) by asking you to share
The fare of my companions and myself.
Wer. Pray, pardon me; my health-
Gab.

Even as you please.
By my family, I have been a soldier, and perhaps am blunt

Which is call'd ?

It matters little.

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In bearing.

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