such examination. Where the position to be filled is professional or technical, such notice may be published once or oftener in one or more technical journals devoted to such profession or trade.

Sec. 7. Every examination, except for the position of civil service examiner, shall be under the responsible direction of the chief examiner, who shall consult when necessary with appointing officers concerning the qualifications required for particular positions; but such examinations shall be free from the influence or participation in any manner of the appointing officer.

Sec. 8. Each examination shall embrace certain subjects, to which weights shall be assigned, the weight given to each subject to represent its value in ascertaining the fitness of applicants. Each subject of examination shall be rated independently by the examiners. The examiners rating on the scale of 100 on each subject shall be multiplied by the weight assigned to such subject. The resulting products shall be added and the total product divided by the total weights of all subjects in the examination. The resulting quotient is the general average which shall be used in determining the order in which the name of the candidate shall appear upon the eligible register.

Sec. 9. The Commission shall by regulation determine the subjects and relative weights given to each.

Sec. 10. On the date of examination the identification sheets of the candidates shall be sealed and the identity of each shall remain hidden until the papers are graded.

Sec. 11. Whenever in the judgment of the Commission physical qualifications are requisite, the candidate shall be required to pass a physical examination and be certified as qualified in such respect either before admission to examination or before recording on the proper eligible list or before certification for appointment, as the Commission may

announce.

Sec. 12. The Commission may further direct oral examinations or special practical tests of fitness. Whenever oral questioning is prescribed as part of any scheme of examination, so far as practical, a stenographic record of such oral questions and of the answers thereto shall be filed with the papers of the candidates.

Sec. 13. No person shall be admitted to an examination whose application therefor has not been presented and accepted under the conditions of Rule IV.

RULE VI.

MARKING AND RATING.

Section 1. Whenever possible examination papers shall be rated by one or more than one person besides the Secretary and Chief Examiner. Each subject shall be marked upon a scale of 100 which shall represent the maximum possible attainment.

Sec. 2. No person shall be placed upon an eligible list whose general average standing is less than seventy per cent of complete proficiency, or who has received less than seventy per cent in the special subject designed to test the applicant's qualifications for the position he is examined for.

Sec. 3. The Secretary and Chief Examiner, as early as practicable after the completion of an examination, shall notify each candidate therein of the rating he has received, and if such rating be above the required minimum, of his comparative standing. He shall likewise notify any candidate who, though admitted to the examination, has been rejected for reasons other than failure to receive the required minimum, stating such reasons specifically. Any candidate receiving any such notice may personally inspect his examination papers at any time during the office hours of the Commission, and in the presence of such officer or employee as the Commission may from time to time designate.

Sec. 4. No examination or papers connected therewith shall be subject to review after the posting of an eligible list resulting therefrom, except that the Commission may correct clerical errors of examiners at any time before the cancellation of such list; provided, however, that no person theretofore certified from such list shall be displaced by reason of such correction, unless his actual standing is shown to be below the requirement established in Section 2 of this rule.

Sec. 5. No examination paper resulting from any examination shall be reviewed at any time unless all the examination papers resulting from that examination are reviewed.

RULE VII.

ELIGIBLE LISTS.

Section 1. The names of those applicants who have attained a standing of seventy per cent and over and who have not received less than seventy per cent in their special subject shall be placed in the order of their relative standing on the proper list of eligibles.

Sec. 2. When an applicant having qualified in accordance with Section 2 of Rule VI for the position sought, in the judgment of the Commission, merits special recognition for extraordinary services rendered to the city, the state of Wisconsin or the United States, the Commission may advance his examination rating not to exceed five points. The reasons of such action shall be recorded in the proceedings.

Sec. 3. The Commission may consolidate two or more eligible lists of the same kind by rearranging all the eligibles named therein according to their standing.

Sec. 4. The Commission shall, upon the request of the appointing

officer, cancel any eligible list for a position in the special expert class as soon as an appointment has been made therefrom, provided, it has been specifically stated in the published announcement of such an examination that the resulting eligible list should so expire.

Sec. 5. Eligible lists shall continue in force for one year from the date of their declaration, but the Commission may continue any eligible list in force for a second year, or for a shorter or a longer period.

Sec. 6. When an applicant has been appointed to a position in the classified service, such appointment shall be entered upon the eligible list from which he was certified.

Sec. 7. An applicant registered in any eligible list whose appointment is rejected by the appointing officer for reasons reported to the Commission may be retained on such list unless he or she is thus rejected three times. Such repeated rejection shall be sufficient cause for removing the name of such person from the eligible list, except at the written request of the appointing officer to whom certification is made. Certification for temporary appointment shall not count as one of such certifications.

Sec. 8. Failure of an appointing officer to appoint a person whose name is certified to him shall not count as a rejection unless that name ranked higher on the eligible list than the name of the person actually appointed, and unless the reason for not appointing in numerical order is sustained by the Commission.

RULE VIII.

REQUISITIONS, CERTIFICATIONS AND APPOINTMENTS.

Section 1. Selections for appointment to all positions in the competitive class and the special expert class not filled by promotion, reduction, transfer or reinstatement shall, except as provided in Rule IX, be made in the following manner:

The appointing officer shall notify the Commission of the title of the position, duties to be performed and the compensation to be paid. The Commission shall thereupon certify to such appointing officer from the list most nearly appropriate to such position the three names at the head thereof, provided that no such names shall be certified more than three times to the same appointing officer for the same or a similar position, unless at such officer's request. The appointing officer shall make selection with reference solely to merit and fitness from the three names certified, unless objection is made and sustained by the Commission to one or more of the persons named, in which case the Commission shall certify in addition the name next following upon the eligible list. If there be more than one vacancy to be filled, the number of names to be certified shall be arrived at by multiplying the number of vacancies by five-thirds and counting each additional third as one and adding it.

Sec. 2. The failure of an eligible person to respond within four days to an offer of appointment sent to his postoffice address as last shown on the records of the Commission shall be considered declination.

On notice from an appointing officer that a person named in a certification has declined appointment and on receipt from such officer of such declination in writing or of evidence of the failure of such person to respond to a notice properly sent, such certification shall be completed by the addition of the name of the eligible next in order.

RULE IX.

TEMPORARY AND PROVISIONAL APPOINTMENTS.

Section 1. When services are to be rendered of a temporary character and for a limited period, the appointing officer shall inform the Commission, stating the duration of such period, the rate of compensation, the authority for employing such temporary service, and other conditions of employment, and may select for such employment one of the first three persons on the appropriate eligible list who, after the notice of the conditions, are willing to accept certification therefor. In case of acceptance of appointment for temporary services, the eligible so appointed shall retain all rights to certification for permanent appointment as though no temporary appointment had been given.

Sec. 2. Upon the expiration of any eligible list, the names of those persons who, at the time such list expires, are rendering temporary service shall be transferred from the expiring list and placed in the order of original rating on the list most nearly corresponding to the list from which transfer is made.

Sec. 3. Any person who is certified to a temporary position in the same manner as certifications are made to permanent positions, in accordance with Section 1 of Rule VIII, and is performing the duties of that position when it is made a permanent position shall be eligible to appointment to that permanent position.

Sec. 4. Any employee who has been certified in accordance with Section 1 of this rule, and whose services have been terminated, shall give immediate notice to the Commission of the termination of his employment, and it shall be the duty of the department head or employing body to make a like report to the Commission as provided in Rule XV.

Sec. 5. Where there is a vacancy of an emergency character in a position in the competitive class and it is not practicable to secure a person by certification from an eligible list in time to meet such emergency, an appointment may be made without certification or examination, subject to the subsequent approval of the Commission, for a period not exceeding thirty days, or until an appropriate eligible list is established.

RULE X.

SUSPENSION, LEAVE OF ABSENCE AND REINSTATEMENT.

Section 1. Whenever any permanent position in the competitive class is abolished or made unnecessary, or whenever the number of positions of a certain character is reduced, the person, or persons legally holding such positions shall be deemed to be suspended without pay and the names of such persons shall, on due notice from the appointing officer, be placed by the Commission on a reinstatement list, in the order of seniority of appointment, under such title and corresponding to such competitive eligible list as in the judgment of the Commission most nearly cover the class of duties performed by such persons in the positions from which suspension is made. The person so certified who declines to accept, except for one of the reasons and under the conditions stated in Section 2 of Rule VIII, shall be permanently separated from the service. A reinstatement list shall have preference over the original eligible list.

Sec. 2. Any employee who is suspended from the service under the conditions cited in the preceding section shall immediately give notice to the Commission of such suspension and state the reasons therefor, and a like report shall be made to the Commission by the department head or employing body, as provided in Rule XV.

Sec. 3. The names of suspended employees shall be stricken from the reinstatement list at the expiration of one year from the date of suspension, unless such employees shall in writing before the expiration of said year notify the Commission that they wish to remain on such list. Failure to so notify the Commission shall be construed as a resignation.

Sec. 4. Leave of absence from duty shall in no case be granted to an officer or employee who has been in the service of the city for less than three months immediately preceding his time of leave, except in case of absence on account of sickness, disability or urgent necessity in which case application for leave shall be accompanied by such proof of same as the Commission may require, and said leave shall be granted only upon the approval of the Commission.

The head of a department may grant leave of absence from regular duty for a period not exceeding three months to an officer or employee who has been in the service of the city for more than three months, upon written application made to him by said subordinate officer or employee within his department, only with the approval of the Commission. In no case shall a leave of absence be granted for a period to exceed one year, except that where an employee in the classified service is granted leave of absence for the purpose of accepting appointment in the unclassified service, such leave may be extended from year to year so long as such appointment in the unclassified service remains in force.

Sec. 5. Absence from duty without leave, or failure to report after a leave has expired or has been disapproved or revoked and cancelled by