UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE. OXFORD.-JAN. 30. The Regius Professor of Civil Law (Dr. Twiss) has given notice that the next examination of candidates for the degree of Bachelor of Civil Law will be upon the Institutes of the Emperor Justinian and the Syntagma Antiquitatum Rominarum of Heineccius. There will be an election of two scholars at Trinity College, on Saturday, April 18. The scholarships are tenable for five years, and open to candidates between 16 and 20 years of age. Their value is 801. per annum. Candidates will be required to produce an attested copy of their register of baptism, and testimonials of character from their college or instructors. These papers must be personally delivered to the President at his lodgings, on Monday, April 13, between the hours of 2 and 3 p.m. The examination will commence at 10 a.m. on the following morning. There will be an examination at Balliol College, on Tuesday, February 17, and following days, for two exhibitions, tenable for four years, worth 601. a year, during residence, and open to all candidates who have not exceeded eight terms from matriculation; but not tenable with scholarships or with any other exhibition of the college; also for an exhibition open for this term to general competition, tenable for five years, and worth 401. a year. Candidates are desired to call on the Master of Balliol with testimonials from their colleges or schools, on Monday evening, February 16. FEB. 1. An examination will be held at Corpus Christi College, on Tuesday, March 17, and following days, for the purpose of electing to Five Open Scholarships, tenable for five years from matriculation, and worth from 901. to 951. per annum, including the value of rooms rent free. Candidates must be under 20 years of age. Gentlemen who wish to offer themselves are requested to call on the President, with testimonials of age and character, at 7 o'clock in the evening of Monday, March 16. FEB. 5. T. Somerville. Rev. G. Goodman. R. D. Beasley. Rev. J. Jones. Students under Eighteen Years of age who have satisfied the Band, W. G. Barker, W. S. Boult, F. H. gn. Heinig, J. d. Mainwaring, G. B. Merrington, J. A. Dane Hill House, Margate. Mostyn House Schl., Park Gate. Rev. E. H. Price. Cotham School. Clapham Park School. Cotham School. Mission School, Blackheath. Union Terrace Schl., Barnstaple. Molineux House Academy. An election will be held on Saturday, the 7th of March, at University College, to two Open Scholarships in this college, of the value of 60l. a year, including allowance for room rent, and tenable for five years from the day of election. Candidates, if already members of the University, must not have completed eight terms from their matriculation. The examination will commence on Wednesday, the 4th of March, and candidates are requested to call on the Master, with certificates of their baptism and testimonials of good conduct from their college or school, on Tuesday, the 3rd of March. FEB. 7. There will be an election of one scholar in Oriel College, on Friday, the 6th of March. The Scholarship will be tenable for five years, and its value during residence will be 60l. per annum, in addition to rooms rent free. No one will be eligible who shall have attained the age of 20 years, or who, being a member his matriculation. At the same time will be filled up of the University, shall have exceeded two years from an exhibition on the foundation of Mrs. Ludwell, open to all candidates without restriction, tenable far seven years. The value of the exhibition during residence will be 401. per annum. Candidates for either must present to the Provost of Oriel on Saturday, the 28th of February, testimonials of good conduct and certificate of baptism and of time of birth. FEB. 16. There will be an election at Brasenose College to at A Fellowship, " to be filled up by the election of a Jesus College, the Principal and Fellows will proceed wett, Corp. Christi to such election on Tuesday, the 17th of March. The In the Convocation of the 9th ult., the nomination examination will commence on Friday, March 13, and of George Rolleston, D.M., Fellow of Pembroke College, and Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie, M.A., Balliol College, to the office of Examiners for the "Burdett-Coutts" Scholarship, will also be submitted to the approbation of the House. Sedgwick, Caius Ds. Luckock, Corp. Ch. 63 18 Jones, Caius 19 Cotterill, St. John's 20 Bolton, Trinity 21 Le Seur, Pembroke 22 Davies, Trinity Evett, Pembroke Stevens, St. John's Thompson, Caius 26 Rudd, St. John's 27 Allison, Sidney 28 Bessaut, Emmanue! 29 Dunn, Corpus Christi 30 Rankin, Caius 31 Wood, Trinity 32 Elderton, Corp.Christi 33 M'Neile, Trinity OPTIMES. 46 Hawkins, Trinity Hamilton, Trinity OPTIMES. Clarke, Christ's De Montmorency, Tr. Green, Trinity Holland, Trinity Stephenson, John's 69 Rust, Pembroke 70 Browne, St. John's 71 Falkner, St. John's Gael, Trinity 82 Stevens, Magdalene 87 Wilkins, St. John's Clarke, Pembroke At the Congregation held to-day the following degrees were conferred : BACHELORS OF ARTS.-George Austin, St. John's, moral sciences. George C. G. Bertlin, Trinity Hall; Robert J. Lee, Caius; James Colby, Sidney; Willam H. Spencer, Downing; William A. Bathurst, Trinity; Nicholas Brady, Trinity; and Alfred R. Goodacre, Pembroke, natural sciences. BACHELORS OF LAWS.-Robert Edward Fran cillon, Trinity Hall; Hon. Henry Strutt, Trinity; FEB. 2. CHRIST'S COLLEGE. FEB. 3. lege. The examination will commence on Tuesday, SCALE FOR ADVERTISEMENTS. £. s. d. Space of Six Lines and under, (Body Type) 0 36 Half a Page............................................. 300 Advertisements, Books, Music, and School Appliances for Notice, and Communications, should be addressed to he Editor, 1, Gough Square, Fleet Street. The adoption of the Educational Times as the Journal of the College of Preceptors, has made no change whatever in the Proprietorship of the Periodical, in which the College has no pecuniary interest. Advertisements may be sent to the Publisher, No. 1, Gough Square, Fleet Street; or to Mr. W. Wesley, No. 2, Queen's Head Passage, Paternoster Row. The subject of the present year is, "to show that the exercise of the active virtues, such as courage and THE EDUCATIONAL TIMES. patriotism, is entirely consistent with the spirit of the Gospel, and to account for those virtnes not being prominently put forward in the teaching of the New Testament." Any graduate of the University may be THE changes which have, within the last two a candidate for the prize who is not of more than or three years, taken place in the curriculum of The annual prize for Modern History and Inter-three years' standing from admission to his first der University study, have given a marked impetus national Law is adjudged to Archibald Henry to be sent in to the Vice-Chancellor on or before the to English education. One of the most notegree when the essays are sent in; and the essays are Simpson. 12th of November, 1863, with the names of the respec-able of these changes is the recent institution tive authors sealed up. The author of the essay best approved is to print it at his own expense, and to of "open minor scholarships" at the Univerdeliver, or cause to be delivered, a copy of it to the sity of Cambridge. Under the old rule, he University library, to the library of Christ's College, to the University libraries of Oxford, Dublin, and undergraduate, however eager his ambition Edinburgh, and to each of the adjudicators of the and forward his scholarship might be, was prize, who are the Vice-Chancellor, the Master of compelled to wait patiently from the date of Christ's College, and the Norrisian Professor of Divinity. his matriculation in October, until the following July, before he could measure his attain ments with those of the other young men of his own year and college. True, he might enter the lists for the one or two University Scholarships which fall vacant each year; but these "blue ribands" of the University are very rarely worn by freshmen, as probably not Emmanuel more than four or five instances of this have occurred within the last thirty years. Thus it Four Scholarships, tenable for three years, one of £60, one of £40, and two of £20 per annum, will be open to competition in April next at Magdalene ColApril the 14th, and will be open to students of the College and to persons who intend to commence residence at the University not later than the Michaelmas Term following. The subjects for the examination will be Euclid, arithmetic, algebra, trigonometry, and conic sections, and passages from Greek and Latin authors for translation, together with composition in Greek and Latin prose and verse. Each candidate is requested to forward his name and age, together with a certificate of good character from a Master of Arts of Oxford or Cambridge, to the Rev. M. Bright, Tutor of Magdalene College, on or before Friday, March the 27th. FEB. 5. The following have passed the examination of the Professor of Modern History : Andrews Clare FIRST CLASS. Trin. Magd. Jacquet Clare Barnes Trin.] Corpus Wrightson SECOND CLASS. Emm. Latham Blake-Humfrey Trin. Joh. Jesus Trin. Sidney Lea Lord Rosse's installation as Chancellor of the has too often happened that the young fresh- University, of the public installation of a Chan-siderable number of very valuable scholarships, cellor, the only instance previous to Lord Rosse, for which any person who is a member of the being the Duke of Bedford, Lord-Lieutenant Established Church, and under a certain age, Corpus about 100 years ago, who was the first and last Pemb. Boycott Joh. Burnett Joh. Miller Mills Chancellor who was thus publicly inducted. This, may become a candidate; and in most cases Christ's moreover, is the first time that the office of Chan-without having previously entered his name cellor has been given to one who is both an Irish-upon the books of any college, though, of man and an alumnus of the University. These Emm. Clare Clare Trin. Joh. Ward Trin. Trin.H. Winter THIRD CLASS. ceremony. ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. circumstances, added to the fact of the high posi- course, with the understanding, that if he win tion which Lord Rosse occupies amongst scientific a scholarship at any particular college, he will Queen's men, naturally imparted much interest to the immediately become a member of that college. The good effects of this liberal rule have already, we believe, been very apparent. It has proved of much benefit to deserving students of limited means, who might otherwise have been unable to afford a University course; it has given a fresh and healthy stimulus to school education, and has prevented students from relap Equal. The following have passed the examination of the acksonian Professor of Mathematics : * Limited to candidates under 20 years of age. In consequence of the great pressure on our co- Mr. MOSLEY.-Your letter is in type, and will ap- + Preference to Candidates from Oakham or Upping- Mr. F.-The discussion on "Cornix" and "Corvus "sing into idleness at the smaller colleges for am Schools, has, we think, been carried far enough. want of some immediate spur to their ambition. 66 It is to be noted that these "minor scholarships" are for the most only preliminary to those on the foundation," to which the holder of the "minor scholarship" is eligible at the succeeding July examination in each year. Of course, under these circumstances, it is a matter of importance to heads of schools to become acquainted with the curriculum of the examinations for these "minor scholarships." We have now before us, in the Liber Cantabrigiensis, Part II., just issued by Mr. Potts, an appendix which contains "the Examination Papers of the year 1861-62, for the scholarships and exhibitions open to the competition of students before residence." A few remarks on these papers will, perhaps, not be out of place in this journal, in consideration of the novelty of the examinations in question. found a piece from Arrian, an author who most seem to us, on the whole, to be less crotchety, The first thing we notice is, that, with one exception, all these examinations are strictly confined to Classics and Mathematics. The paper. exception is that of Downing College, in which, The Downing College examiner, in addition will of the founder, are to receive gratuitous in addition to the ordinary papers in Classics to setting Aristotle in the translation paper, education in the lower school, four only are at and Mathematics, some weight is given to pro- gives two absurdly long pieces of English present doing so. On the other hand, two ficiency in French and German, one examina- poetry to be translated respectively into Latin hundred and nine boys, each of whose parents tion paper being devoted to each of these hexameters and lyrics. If the time allotted pay yearly a capitation fee of 141. 16s., are languages. Trinity Hall also goes so far to the paper was the usual three hours, we are receiving an admirable education, though the beyond the curriculum of acknowledged Uni- quite certain that very few freshmen could be extravagance of the fee in question so disgusts versity study, as to set a very simple paper in found in the University capable of finishing it a weekly contemporary, who seems to have English composition." The other colleges to the satisfaction of an ordinary examiner. taken the "Dulwich League" under his prostrictly "stick to their last;" in other words, Moreover the extract from Pope is a regular tection, that he remarks: "As for the scho confine themselves to ascertaining the candi-hack piece, which should have been most care date's progress in Latin, Greek, and Mathe matics. fully avoided, as almost certain to have been 66 lastic branch of the establishment, it may be safely said that its benefits are closely confined to the sons of the gentry and the masters whe On the whole, the examination papers of the condescend to teach them;" that is to say, the largest colleges, Trinity and St. John's, apannual fee of £14. 16s. for a boy's education is pear to us to be the best. The examiners so exorbitant, that no one but a wealthy father appear in this case to have rigorously adhered These remarks of ours will apply with equal can be expected to pay it. The other charges to that rule regulating the Classical Tripos ex-force to the Queen's College Composition Paper against the present management of Dulwich amination, which says that the passages to be (p. 64a) in which are to be found three huge College are just about as formidable as may translated into English are to be selected from extracts for translation into Latin prose and be imagined from the sample we have given the best Greek and Latin authors. The papers, verse, and Greek prose, to be done, doubtless, "The total expense of the management of too, set by the examiners of the larger colleges within the usual three hours. We may notice "the estate was £1938, or over 18 per cent. are less crotchety, as they are for the most a fact which will perhaps go some way in" on the income-just four times as much part less difficult than those set by the gene- accounting for these eccentricities, viz., that as the Corporation of London pay for the rality of the small colleges. With one or two since the institution of the Classical Tripos" keeping of their landed properties," adds exceptions, skill in four kinds of composition, (forty years ago) Queen's and Downing the same contemporary to whom we have viz., Latin and Greek verse, and Latin and Colleges between them have not contributed alluded. On examination, however, of this Greek prose, is required by all the exami- half a dozen names to the first class. We charge, it appears that the expense of the The Greek verse is invariably confined see that Sidney Sussex College (which, we management of the estate only amounted to 1 to the Iambic metre, while the Latin varies believe, for the amount of classical honours per cent. of the total income in the year 1861, between hexameters, elegiaes, and lyrics, the won by its members, may be ranked with the and that there were then very good reasons former being much the most frequently de- two colleges above) thinks that the candidates why this should be the case. £107 were speat manded. The Trinity Hall Examiner appears for its scholarships may be best examined in on repairing roads; £172 in thinning the to have made a strange and mischievous over- Quintilian, Plautus, Pliny, &c. As we suppose trees on the estate; and £140 in hedging and sight in setting his Latin verse paper. The that the object of the examiner is to encourage ditching. Docked of these extraordinary picce from Cowper, which he has given (p. accuracy of scholarship in freshmen, and not though necessary items, the 18 per cent. cum94a) to be translated into Latin elegiacs, is to extent of reading, we would suggest to him plained of does not look very formidable. be found in the Arundines Cami, a book which, that he should take a leaf from his brother- Another charge brought against the manage we need hardly say, is largely used in most of examiners of Trinity and St. John's, and sub-ment of the Trustees is that they do not greatly of our classical schools; and it is hardly pos- stitute such authors as Cicero, Livy, Virgil, increase the income of the Charity by letting & sible that some of the candidates, by having &c., for Quintilian, Pliny, and Plautus. We portion of the land on building leases; a charge previously seen the version of Lord John notice, too, that in the Greek paper of the same which, we venture to say, will be speely Manners in the " Arundines," should not have college, an extract from Theophrastus is to be wiped off when persons come forward ready la had an unfair advantage over their competitors. found, for which we think Demosthenes, Plato, purchase the land in question. Among the translations from Greek prose into or Xenophon might have been judiciously sub- Of course we are quite aware that, strictly English, set by the same college, is also to be stituted. The Mathematical examination papers and literally, the will of the founder, Edwar ners. the founder? Alleyne, is not being carried out at Dulwich. But, though unequivocally the capital of harmonic ratio and Involution, of Poles and Times have changed since that benevolent Mathematical Britain, the great nursery of Polars, including the method of Reciprocation, actor left this world; and due allowance must mathematical teachers, and the great library and of the Radical Axes and Centres of Similiof mathematical works, the University of tude of Circles, followed by a most interesting be made for such changes. At one of our great Cambridge is, nevertheless, in some particular and well illustrated discussion of the principle universities there is an Exhibition, the holders branches of mathematics, undoubtedly second of Continuity. The sixth chapter is entirely of which are enjoined to dress in cloth of a sad to its less appreciated Irish sister. Pre- devoted to this principle, which Dr. Mulcahy grey colour, and wear sandals. Are the inten- eminent among these branches stands the enunciates as follows: "Let a figure be conceived tions of the founder frustrated by allowing the very important study of Pure Geometry. It to undergo a certain continuous variation, and is difficult to determine satisfactorily the let some general property concerning it be exhibitioners (if any persons sufficiently strongcauses which have led to the comparative granted as true, so long as the variation is minded to carry out the original charter to the neglect of the higher extensions of this subject confined within certain limits; then the same letter could be found), to save themselves from at Cambridge; but the fact cannot be disputed, property will belong to all the successive states being hooted in the streets, by wearing ordi- that the Dublin mathematicians have herein far of the figure (that is, all which admit of the nary boots and broadcloth, instead of "the outstripped those of our English Universities. property being expressed), the enunciation sandals" and "sober grey" recommended by If we refer to any set of Cambridge Senate being modified (occasionally) according to House examination papers, we find, as a matter known rules. He illustrates this, first by an of course, that Euclid occupies an important example on the "method of limits," a method The real gist of the Dulwich College position in them, and that the Lemmas of which obviously involves a particular case of matter is simple enough; it is this, that Newton are also represented. But those ques- the principle of Continuity thus enunciated; education should not be made contemptible tions in Conic Sections which are to be solved and afterwards by others, in most of which difby being made eleemosynary. As we have without the application of the analytical ferent parts of the figure change their relative methods, are confined to such properties as configuration, while in others some parts of the often urged in these columns, the persons who may be proved by the precise methods of original figure become even imaginary. But we most need assistance towards educating their Euclid and of Newton, and rarely embrace think that Dr. Mulcahy might well have stated children are not the labourers and mechanics, any of those important properties which de- more precisely the known rules" according who have free schools and national schools pend upon Harmonic and Anharmonic ra- to which the original enunciation of a theorem inore than sufficient for their wants; but the tios, or on involution or projection. At has occasionally to be modified on applying sons of professional and commercial men with Dublin, where great attention is paid to all the principle of Continuity; he ought, for inthese geometrical methods, this is not the case. stance, to have cautioned his readers that, moderate incomes, who cannot avail themselves Anharmonic ratio and involution, so distaste- in extending theorems of inequality, the word of the schools in question, and yet are heavily ful to the Cambridge student, are, in the hands greater will often have to be substituted for taxed to support them. Fifteen pounds per of the Irish mathematician, ready instruments less, and vice versa. annum is not too much to expect persons of of daily use; the geometrical properties of After exhibiting the method of projections, this class to pay towards the education of a poles and polars find their place in his elemen- the author proceeds with geometry of three child, when that education is of the very best to the consideration of the curves which an method of spherical pencils and spherical intary conies, and he extends his pure geometry dimensions, applying with a skilful hand the and most elaborate kind. intersecting cone traces on a sphere, as well as volution, and showing the properties of poles We are glad to say that the Home Secre- on a plane. These spherical conics, which are and polars, radical axes and centres, &c., and tary did not give much encouragement to the almost unknown to the Cambridge undergra- of small circles on a sphere, and finally, explainenthusiasts and busy bodies who wish to re-duate, even of greatest promise, appear, from ing and demonstrating the properties of spherimodel Dulwich College according to their own most interesting study, and we cordially rethe book which now lies before us, to form a cal conics, to which we have already referred. The book is rendered very complete by a crotchets. We observe, however, that, un-commend it to our readers, although there copious collection of examples and theorems, deterred by their ill success with Sir George seems little probability of its finding a place in chiefly taken from the Dublin examination Grey, the members of the Dulwich League are the Cambridge course at present. But as papers. It will, perhaps, be found inconveabout to collect subscriptions and "keep their that University is now indebted to Trinity nient to many readers in England to have so eye" upon the management of the Charity in College, Dublin, for its most comprehensive many references to propositions and deductext book on analytical geometry,-though tions in Dr. Lardner's edition of Euclid, a question. Probably this is all for the best; this is a subject which flourishes at Cam- book which is very little used in this country; and it may be just as well for the Trustees of bridge as much as any,-so we would fain see but we believe that in Trinity College, Dublin, the Charity to recollect that they are being it look to the same source for guidance in the for whose students, mainly, Dr. Mulcahy is submitted to the process of "eyeing" by several higher branches of modern Geometry, which, writing, Dr. Lardner's is the Euclid usually persons with apparently but little to do, and as they have hitherto found so uncongenial a adopted as a text book. It is also in a trifling sadly hard up for a grievance; and that, theresoil in England, do the more require to be degree inconvenient to mathematicians acsupported by foreign aid. customed to Cambridge books, to have the fore, it will be well to give no cause for offence demonstrations of so many propositions by extravagant management of the Dulwich printed in one complete paragraph, instead of having each new step begun in a new line. But these are matters of very small importance. On the whole, the work is well got up, and we hope that this new edition will not be so much confined to Irish readers as we believe the original edition was. estates. REVIEWS, NOTICES, &c. Principles of Modern Geometry. But whether the subject of the book before us be more adequately represented in Cambridge examinations in future or not, we can confidently recommend its perusal, not only to the private student, who reads mathematics free from the control of any Alma Mater, but to the Cambridge mathematician, who, having By John finished his University course, is desirous of Dublin: making himself a mathematician of the world, unconfined by the limits of a particular school. M. T. Cicero De Senectute et De Amicitia. Ir cannot be denied that, as a school of We are very glad to see this book reprinted. Cicero's Dialogues on Old Age and on FriendMathematics, the University of Cambridge It has long been a favourite in Trinity College, ship. With short English Notes, for the use has long deservedly ranked as the greatest but for some years has been out of print, and of Schools. (pp. 123.) Oxford and Lonand the best in the kingdom. No other seat of well-worn copies have of late fetched a price don: John Henry and James Parker. 1862. learning produces, save as a rare exception, far in excess of the published cost of the book. THIS new addition to the series of the "Oxsuch accomplished and such sound mathema- It supposes a knowledge in its readers of little ford Pocket Classics" is of the same handy size ticians as those which every year issue from the more than the first six books of Euclid, and a and moderate price as its predecessors. Nor Senate House. The alumni of no other Univer- little trigonometry, and aims at laying down is it, perhaps, on the whole, badly edited; sity can vie with those of Cambridge as com- and illustrating "the more elementary prin- although, we think, something more might petitors for the many posts of honour and im- ciples of those geometrical methods which, in have been done, considering that the Editor portance which yearly fall vacant in the British recent times, have been so successfully em- was dealing with Latin treatises which have world of Mathematics. No other press can ployed to investigate the properties of figured so frequently engaged the attention of scholars, compete with the Pitt Press in furnishing the space." The first six chapters treat of plane as have the De Amicitia and De Senectute of world with the best possible text books in geometry, in the enunciation and application Cicero. In the notes to the little work before nathematical science. of the principles of Harmonic pencils, of An- us are also to be found more than a due share of misprints. Thus we find gratissimam for mum (p. 77); quam tenus for quam tenui (p. 84); flagrantum for tes (p. 86); senectus for senectutis (p. 84); gracitas for gravitas (p. 77), &c. &c. The Editor has not unnaturally nor unfairly made use of Mr. G. Long's notes to Cicero's treatises. In more than one case, however, the former seems scarcely to understand what he is quoting. Thus we find in Long, "Venisset ad eum Sardis (De Senec. c. 17), had come to him to Sardis, or, as we say, at Sardis; but in such cases the Latin writers properly refer the motion both to the person and to the place." say In the edition before us, we read: "ad eum Sardis. In English we say, to him at Sardis;' but in Latin, to him to Sardis.'" Surely, in such an elementary edition as that before us, it would have been well to explain that Sardis is the accusative case. We this, because otherwise it can hardly be necessary to explain that obrepere means to creep on; consuli, "to have one's advice asked; cani, "grey hairs;" censeo, "in my opinion; haud scio an nulla, "I hardly think there is any; confectus senio, worn out with old age;" humanum, "polite," &c. &c. 66 66 Occasionally, too, the translations are incorrect or inelegant. Thus, Cicero says, "Senectus est natura loquacior," i.e. is naturally rather chatty," which the Editor translates," a little too chatty." old age In p. 102, optimo et justissimo cuique is rendered, “to each in proportion as was best and most just; " which is certainly not a correct rendering. In page 121 we read: "Similis with a genitive is more than mere external resemblance; similis with a dative is more expressive of mere external comparison." This distinction is, we think, hardly borne out in classical usage. The truth is, that in ante-Augustan Latin the genitive was generally used, while in later writers the dative is not uncommon. A Manual of Animal Physiology for the use of we could recommend in preference to it. The In the Preface Dr. Shea thus adverts to this difficulty, and to the expedients he has adopted to meet it : "" The In one re Dr. Shea has done good service by supplying candidates for these examinations, A Practical Greek Accidence, with Prowith the compact and well written treatise M.A., formerly Fellow of St. John's College. as well as students of Physiology generally, gressive Exercises. (pp. 64.) By C. Matheson, before us. In such a work, the main difficulty Oxford; one of the Masters of the Blackheath lies in selecting from the mass of materials, Proprietary School. London: Longmans. 1863. furnished by a subject so complex and ex--Mr. Matheson in his preface says: tensive, the facts of greatest importance, author of the following pages was called upon, and presenting them to the learner in such a a few years ago, to teach the elements of Greek way as to place him in possession of the Grammar in the school with which he is conessential principles of the science, without per- nected. Immediately on entering on his work, plexing him with technical details. he must be allowed to confess that he was dissatisfied with Wordsworth's Greek Grammar, and yet could not find any grammar which seemed to him at once philosophical and "To persons totally unacquainted with even simple enough. . . . . The aim of the followthe rudiments of Anatomy, the study of Phy- ing work is to give boys principles, as far as is siology must be particularly difficult, and to meet consistent with simplicity, and thus to keep the this difficulty the author has endeavoured, in use of memory within its proper limits, and to the progress of the work, to introduce an amount save intelligent boys from the mistakes and unof anatomical description sufficient to enable the student to understand the nature of the functions certainty which arise solely from their having performed by various parts of the body, and the learnt the grammar by rote and not by princi laws which govern their actions. It has also been ple.' It seems tous that Mr. Matheson's vo his endeavour to avoid the employment of too lume very much resembles (with the exception many technicalities, and to proceed with the of the progressive exercises, which will doubtdescription as though he addressed those who less be found useful) the smaller edition of the were entirely unacquainted with the science; and Bromsgrove Greek Grammar. The following note, p. 122, we think very he therefore has used no such expressions with. spect this latter book has a decided superilikely to mislead the young student: "Co- out explaining their meaning the first time they ority, viz., that it is very much the more optatio. The elections into the guilds, col- occur. accurate. Possibly, however, most of the legia (of the Sacerdotes) was vested in the "To non-medical students, the acquirement of errors of Mr. Matheson's volume arise from appointment of the people." Now Cicero Physiological knowledge must be difficult for an- errors of the press. very truly tells his readers, "Cooptatio colle- either of a very abstruse or of a very elementary revision; many of them being altogether other reason-most works on the subject are The accents and breathings need careful giorum ad populi beneficium transferebatur: character. In the former it is presumed that the But then the term cooptatio ceased to be the reader has a considerable knowledge of Anatomy: and οδός for ὁδός (p. 13), εὐτύχης for εὐτυχής omitted, and others being incorrect. Thus we A person was only cooptatus and the latter are usually of too superficial a when he was elected into a corporation by the nature to supply the information required for a (p. 50); Zevówv (p. 55) and Zevodov (p. 62) for members of that corporation (as with us a university examination. Ξενοφῶν; δία (pp. 57 and 58) for διὰ; ῥᾳδίως Fellow of a College, or a Bencher of an Inn of "In carrying out his plan, considerable diffi- (p. 58) for pacios; opos for opos (p. 60); reCourt, is cooptatus, otherwise he would be culty of another kind has been encountered by the peios for Terpaios (p. 60); evyévns for evyens electus, e.g., a Member of Parliament with us. author. It was necessary to enter into some (p. 63) ; εἰρηνὴ for εἰρήνη (p. 63); βροτοστύγει In one respect we must admit that the details of Comparative Anatomy and Physiology, for SporoσTuyns (p. 63), &c. &c. edition before us is decidedly superior to that Human Body; and the difficulty arose from em- omissions or errors in accents. Thus we have as well as the Anatomy and Physiology of the We find, however, some graver errors than of Mr. George Long. Everyone who has read bracing in so small a compass a subject so exten-duer for toμev (p. 49); and ễ∞ given as the the De Senectute knows that with the exception sive. Moreover, it was far from easy to give in a of chapter fifteen, the treatise is a very easy few words a description that would be perfectly present tense of eirov (p. 28). one. That chapter contains a number of agri-intelligible, when such description might much In page 22 we find époù, pov cultural terms, which are by no means intelli- more readily have been extended to some pages." gible to the young reader without explanation. Mr. Long arrives at the first of these words in his notes, "Mallesli; " and very coolly adding, "the explanation of such terms as these must be derived from the Latin agricultural writers, and from the examples in Forcellini, utterly ignores the other technical terms of which the chapter in question is full. We are happy to see that the editor of this volume does not imitate the free and easy way of annotating adopted in this instance by Mr. Long. proper one. ἐμοῖ, μοῖ In addition to the erroneous accent of épol, surely it is a radical mistake to place any accent on either pov, pot, or μe, which are invariably enclitics. that this volume, in its present condition, stands We think we have now said enough to show By judicious selection and compression, aided by a pleasing and agreeable style, Dr. Shea has not only surmounted these obstacles very successfully, but produced a very readable and interesting work. For students who wish to possess, within a moderate compass and at a reasonable cost, a clear exposition of the leading doctrines and principles of Physiology-and amongst them we may reckon particularly the candidates for the various public and compe OUR LIBRARY TABLE. titive examinations, for whom the work is A Compendium of Mathematical Geography. merely intended—we know of no Manual which for the Use of Students and Candidates for qu in need of some revision. |