Arguments and Metaphors in PhilosophyIn this book, Daniel Cohen explores the connections between arguments and metaphors most pronounced in philosophy, because philosophical discourse is both thoroughly metaphorical and replete with argumentation. The metaphors we use for arguments, as well as the ways we use metaphors as arguments and in arguments, provides the basis for a tripartite theoretical framework for understanding and evaluating arguments. There are logical, rhetorical, and dialectical dimensions to arguments, each providing norms for conduct, vocabulary for evaluation, and criteria for success. In turn, the identified roles for arguments in general discourse can be applied to metaphors, helping to explain what they mean and how they work. Cohen covers the nature of arguments, their modes and structures, and the principles of their evaluation. He also addresses the nature of metaphors, their place in language and thought, and their connections to arguments, identifying and reconciling arguments' and metaphors' respective roles in philosophy. |
Contents
Arguing With God | 5 |
Arguments in Philosophy | 21 |
To Philosophize is to Argue | 23 |
Argument is War and War is Hell | 33 |
One Way to Lose an Argument | 49 |
Thinking about Arguments | 63 |
Evaluating Arguments and Making MetaArguments | 65 |
Logical Fallacies Dialectical Transgressions Rhetorical Sins and Other Failures of Rationality in Argumentation | 79 |
Metaphors and the Discourse of Philosophy | 127 |
The Tragedy of Philosophys Metaphors | 139 |
Metaphors versus Arguments | 151 |
Once Upon an Argument Being an Account of a Dialogue between a Poet and a Philosopher both Ancient | 153 |
On Performance and Interpretation | 171 |
The Logic of Rhetoric and the Rhetoric of Logic | 179 |
Metaphors as Arguments And Arguments as Metaphors | 195 |
Words Without End Amen | 207 |
Why Should I Argue? | 95 |
Just and Unjust Wars and Just and Unjust Arguments1 | 105 |
Metaphors in Philosophy | 115 |
On Metaphors | 117 |
BIBLIOGRAPHY | 223 |
| 233 | |
Common terms and phrases
adversarial anti-realists arguers argument-as-proof argument-is-war argumentation theory Argumentum ad Baculum assertions audience bad arguments beliefs challenge chapter claim cogent conception of arguments conclusion consensus context conversation course critical debate Descartes dialectical dialogue effect Endnotes engage in argument evaluating arguments example explain failure filibusters flaws goal Govier grand metaphors heuristic Ignoratio Elenchi important informal logic insofar interpretation Jane Austen Johnson jury justified kind language lions literal logic of rhetoric logical fallacies losing mathematical proofs matter meaning meta-argument metaphysical model interlocutor objections obligation to argue opponents paradigm Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca performative perhaps Phil philosophical arguments philosophical discourse Plato Poet political possible post-modern premises present proof proposition provides question rational persuasion reasons relevant rhetoric of logic Richard Rorty role scientific semantic sense Socrates Sokal sort speech act story story-hearers story-telling successful things thinking about arguments thought truth understanding Wittgenstein words wrong Zapp
Popular passages
Page 3 - But yet if we would speak of things as they are, we must allow that all the art of rhetoric, besides order and clearness, all the artificial and figurative application of words eloquence hath invented, are for nothing else but to insinuate wrong ideas, move the passions, and thereby mislead the judgment, and so indeed are ^perfect cheats...
Page 1 - To say of what is that it is not, or of what is not that it is, is false, while to say of what is that it is, and of what is not that it is not...