deportment, kind and tender in all friendly relations, with a loyalty to truth and right commanding the admiration of all who knew him, irrespective of all party or sectarian differences.

The influence of such a man can not be overestimated, and as the fathers respected and honored him, so the children should venerate and love him.

But where shall the writer find detailed proof of all this? The eye-witnesses, who would gladly give their testimony, have, with but few exceptions, passed to that world from which no voices come back to us. The work accomplished abides in its beauty and grandeur, but the names of the architects are not engraved on the polished stones.

Judge Lockwood was a remarkably quiet, unobtrusive man, never putting himself forward, even unwilling that his name should be prominent in connection with any great enterprise; never seeking honor for himself, nor envious of others who bore the honor that was really his due. It is not known that he ever made a public address, or published any newspaper articles over any signature which would mark him as the author.

In all the important questions that arose from day to day, he felt an earnest interest, and took an active part, but his words are unrecorded. He wrote many letters, but he kept no copies, and the parties addressed failed to preserve them. In times of excitement, of political and social outbursts of passion, his quiet serenity, good practical common sense, and confidence-inspiring integrity, stood as a restraining influence far more beneficial than the loud declamations even of those who had right on their side. In the recorded proceedings of the Supreme Court of our state his decisions are marked pre-eminently by a clear understanding and full comprehension of the great principles of common law, and these principles, interpreted and applied by a good practical common sense, have made those decisions standard authority for bench and bar. But these decisions are for the law student, and they indicate but a small part of the service he rendered the state as one of the justices of its Supreme Court.

Before entering upon the details of Judge Lockwood's life, I would append here a few letters from some men who were to some extent associated with him and knew him personally.

Many others might be given, but they are all alike in a definite, clear, general statement, but greatly deficient in those details which would help the writer in a biographical sketch.

Dr. Edward Beecher, President of Illinois College, from 1830 to 1844, now of Brooklyn, New York, writes as follows: “I can not enter into any details of the life of Judge Lockwood, nor of his legal services to the community. But I can say, that during an acquaintance of over twenty years, of which fourteen associated me with him as a trustee of Illinois College, I have seen in him incorruptible integrity, and wisdom, as a counsellor in all things, with an unwavering devotion to sound principles and the public good in every position he held. His life, in all its relations, public and social, was spotless, and I think he had the entire confidence and warm affection of the whole community in which he lived. His services to the cause of liberty in the early history of the state deserve a warm recognition; but those who lived in the state before I came to it, can speak of them more intelligently than I. I am glad that you are preparing a memorial of so eminent a man among the fathers of the state. "Yours fraternally,

"EDWARD BEECHER."

From Dr. T. M. Post, of St. Louis, we have the following: "I became acquainted with Judge Samuel D. Lockwood and his family on my first going to Jacksonville, in the spring of 1833, and was for a time domiciled in the same house with them. Judge Lockwood was then in the strength of a noble manhood. He was a man I felt happy and honored to regard as a friend to the close of his life. There was in his character a rare blending of elements, a modesty, gentleness and delicacy well-nigh feminine, and great general kindliness, combined with intrepid firmness of principle, a large practical wisdom, distinguished judicial ability and integrity, and a personal purity and honor as stainless as a star. He was a man of large and generous public spirit and forecast, a friend of schools and churches, of liberal culture, public improvements, benevolent institutions, and civil order and liberty. He was a most important beneficent power in founding and shaping the early history and civilization of Illinois.

"In all relations, social, civil, and especially in those of the home, I recall him as a man to be honored, admired and loved, and ever to be remembered gratefully by the grand state of which he was among the early founders."

Hon. Newton Bateman, President of Knox College, gives the following almost filial tribute: "It is a labor of love to record some of my impressions of Judge Lockwood. His name is indelibly associated with the recollections of my youth and early manhood. That name was to me the synonym of integrity and purity. I can not express the reverent love I felt for him. He was one of the few ideal men whom I have known. His influence over me was very great; how much it has had to do in turning me toward whatever of good I may have done, or tried to do in life, and from the unworthy in aims and plans, can only be known when the factors of character are revealed at the last great day. It will remain a lasting regret that I could not have seen more of him in his later years, and been near him at the sunset of his sweet and beautiful life."

CHAPTER II.

OF

PARENTAGE AND EARLY LIFE.

F Judge Lockwood's parentage and early life, we know but very little, and have no means of filling up the blank

spaces.

His father, Joseph Lockwood, was born December 3, 1764, and was married to Mary Drake, October 9, 1788; probably in Poundridge, Westchester county, N. Y., for there their son, Samuel, the subject of our memoir was born, August 2, 1789. Of the father's business at this time, and of the length of the family residence at Poundridge, we have no information. At some time within the following ten years, the family removed to New York City, where the father kept a hotel, having in his household, in addition to those already mentioned, a second son, Jesse Close, born January 7, 1791; a daughter, Rebecca Ann, born March 25, 1792; and a third son, Cornelius, born November -, 1793. Here the father died of yellow fever, October 25, 1799, the youngest son dying of the same disease two days previous. Thus the mother was left with three small children and with slender means of support. This trial brought with it a burden of care, which must have greatly affected Samuel's character. By this event his plans for a liberal education were broken up, and he was thrown very much upon his own

resources.

On September 27, 1800, his mother was married to Duncan McCall, and immediately removed with him to Canada, taking with her the youngest child, Rebecca Ann; but leaving her two sons with relatives in New York state. How Samuel was employed the next three years we do not know, except that he spent a few months at a private school in New Jersey, where, he says of himself, he acquired some knowledge of arithmetic, and enough of Latin to be able to decline a few nouns, and conjugate

a few verbs. How he studied arithmetic, we know from his own hand, for the lessons were all given orally, and written out by the pupils, and his work is still retained in possession of the family,—quite a little volume, remarkable for its neatness and

accuracy.

In August, 1803, he went to live with his mother's brother, Francis Drake, a lawyer, of Waterford, New York, where he remained as law student and errand boy, until February, 1811, when he was licensed to practice law, and opened an office in Batavia, N. Y.

Of this uncle, Judge Lockwood always spoke with the greatest esteem and affection. In his house he found a true home, and its Christian influence affected his whole life. And here it may be said of Judge Lockwood, as was said of John Quincy Adams, he never had a boyhood. In early years he met the stern realities of life, which left no time for boyish or manly sports, and as a consequence he had no relish for such things, and very little sympathy with those who had. This, of course, does not refer to home entertainment, for he was pre-eminently a home man, in full sympathy with everything that would increase the happiness of home, and bring enjoyment to the family circle.

Of Mr. Lockwood's professional life, while in New York, extending over a period of nearly eight years, we have little information, except from his own pen. For the first four years it was a hard struggle with disease and pecuniary embarrassment. He was in debt to friends for the necessary means for reaching his new residence, and for support, till he could in some way help himself. Though in a new country, he found the legal profession well filled, and in it some men of reputation and experience, able to absorb all the business.

This period included the war time when everything was depressed to the lowest point. Judge Lockwood, naturally diffident and retiring, feeble in physical constitution, with a tendency to self-depreciation, and far separated from all family friends, must have passed through trials of which few have any conception; and his final success is an evidence of that sterling worth of character, which in after life was universally ascribed to him.