Adding the school fund of 1,201,065, the whole amount is 1,622,936 dollars. This fund was created from the sale of public lands in 1795, the yearly interest of which, with 12,000 dollars from the public taxes, is given for the support of common schoolmasters; and it appears that each town receives more money from the state for this purpose than the amount of the tax.

The governor, in his speech addressed to the legis lature on the 12th of May 1817, observes, in respect to the capitation tax, "that, deducting the costs of clothing, and other necessary personal expences, the annual contributions of a labouring man without property are, on a mean calculation for the state, equal to one-sixteenth part of his income." "That an assess ment of sixty dollars in the general list is equal to that on twenty-four acres of the best alluvial meadow

in the counties of Hartford, or Middlesex; or to that on forty-eight acres of the best meadow-land in any other part of the state; or to that on 175 acres of the best wood or timber land in the vicinity of our navigable waters; or to that on a first-rate new brick, or stone house, containing twelve fire-places in either of our cities." He objects to the assessment on mills, machinery, and manufactures; on commercial investments; on the profits resulting from trades, professions, and employments, and on monies loaned on in

terest.

The sum of 50,000 dollars, received by the state from the United States for services rendered by the militia in the general defence during the late war, has been distributed for the support of religion and learning: To the Congregational Societies, 16,666; Episcopal Bishop's Fund, 7142; Baptist Societies, 6250; Methodists, 4166; Yale College, 2142.

Military Force.-The governor is captain-general, and the deputy-governor lieutenant-general of the militia. The other general and field officers are appointed by the general court, and commissioned by the governor. The captains and inferior officers are chosen by the vote of the company and householders living within its limits, approved by the general court, and commissioned by the governor, without whose permission no officer can resign his commission, under the penalty of serving in the ranks as a private soldier; and all hold their commissions during the pleasure of the Assembly. The militia, in 1815, amounted to 18,309 men, of whom 14,377 were infantry.

According to the report of the General Convention of Baptists held in Philadelphia in May 1817, the number of churches was forty-nine; that of members 60,772.

In 1816 the balance due to the state by the United States for expenditures made in the public defence, amounting to 145,014 dollars, was appropriated by a legislative act to religious and literary institutions. Among the former it was distributed in the following proportions: Presbyterians, or Congregationalists, 1-3d; Episcopalians, 1-7th; Baptists, 1-8th; Methodists, 1-12th.

Religious Institutions.-There are thirteen associations and consociations; the first composed of ministers only; the second of ministers, with a delegate from their respective churches. The general association in Connecticut, which meets annually in June, is composed of two representatives from each district association, with whom is united a representation of three members of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian church in the United States; of one member from the General Convention of Congregational and Presbyterian churches in Vermont; of two members

* See Mr Beecher's address on this subject.

from the General Association of Massachusetts Proper; and of two members from the General Association of New Hampshire. The same number of representatives is sent annually to these several bodies from the general association of Connecticut. There is a committee of twelve members chosen for the purpose of certifying the regular standing of preachers travelling from this state to other parts of the United States.

The "Missionary Society" was incorporated in 1802 under the direction of twelve trustees. The "Connecticut Bible Society" holds an annual meeting in May. The officers are a president, vice-presidents, secretary, treasurer, directing committees, agents of deposit, agents to search out the poor in their respective vicinities, and to supply them with Bibles, and a committee of correspondence. The The "Connecticut Society for the Encouragement of Good Morals" has for its object the execution of the laws concerning the religious observance of the Sabbath. The "Religious Tract Society" has been lately established. The "Ministers Annuity Society," incorporated in May 1814, meets annually in Hartford for the purpose of providing annuities for the widows and children of deceased ministers. There is also a "Charitable Society" for the education of indigent pious young men destined for the ministry.

Seminaries of Learning.-Throughout this state education has been an object of constant attention ; and is now so generally diffused, that it is rare to find a person of mature age, of either sex, who cannot read

and write. There is a grammar school in every county town. The fund for schools amounts to 1,201,065 dollars, the interest of which, with 12,000 dollars of the public taxes, are yearly expended for the support of education, each town receiving in proportion to its amount on the grand list; and the schools in each are regulated and superintended by a committee chosen by the inhabitants.

Colleges.-Yale College, † founded in 1701, has flourished under popular protection. In 1812, the number of students was 305. In 1814, the number of graduates was eighty-two. In 1817, sixty-one were graduated, and about the same number entered. They are divided into four classes. The senior recites to the president, and attends the lectures of the professors. The three lower classes, which form two divisions, are instructed by the tutors. This seminary is under the direction of a corporation consisting of the governor, lieutenant-governor, six senior members of the council, and ten fellows, all clergymen. The corporation meets annually. The affairs of the institution are under the direction of a committee of three or four members, who meet four times a-year. There is a president, four professors, six tutors, a treasurer, steward, and butler. The different lectureships are, 1st, Divinity, of which the president is professor; 2d,

* In Newhaven, containing but 750 families, there are sixteen public, and eight private schools.

† So named in honour of Elihu Yale, Esq. of London, its principal benefactor, then governor of the East India Company,