Annual Report of the State Board of Health of the State of Kansas

open field for its labors in another, if the United States would set the example by practicing its own precepts-would see to it that the condition of every vessel, before she is permitted to receive cargo, is clean in a sanitary sense, and not at the mere voice of her master.

Surely it would be difficult to designate a more inviting field of labor-certainly none more germane to all that pertains to the health of mariners than this for the marine hospital service.

With such cooperation as this suggestion contemplates, under the auspices of a national board of health as provided for in Senator Harris's bill, and the international sanitary service which it would then be certain to secure, the transmission of epidemic diseases by commerce would speedily cease.

RESUMÉ OF MEDICAL-PRACTICE ACTS IN THE DIFFERENT STATES AND TERRITORIES.

ALABAMA. Examination by the state board of examiners, or by a county board of examiners. Law passed in 1877.

ARIZONA.- Register diploma with county recorder. Passed in 1881.

ARKANSAS.-Registration of diploma or examination by the state or a county board of examiners (latter inoperative). Law passed in 1881.

CALIFORNIA.-Certificate on diploma from a college "in good standing," or examination by one of the three boards of examiners. Passed in 1876.

COLORADO. Certificate on diploma of college "in good standing," or examination by the state board of medical examiners. Passed in 1881.

CONNECTICUT.— No law, except against advertising itinerants.

DELAWARE.- Registration of diploma in a county clerk's office. Passed in 1883. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.-Indorsement of diploma or examination by committee

of the district medical society (practically inoperative). Passed in 1838.

FLORIDA. Examination by one of the state or district boards of medical examiners. Passed 1884, 1889.

GEORGIA. Registration of diploma in the office of the clerk of the superior court. Passed in 1881.

IDAHO.- Record diploma at county seat. Passed in 1887.

ILLINOIS.-Certificate on diploma from college "in good standing," or examination before the state board of health. Passed in 1877, 1887.

INDIANA. Registration of diploma in county clerk's office. Passed 1885. INDIAN TERRITORY.-(a) Cherokee nation: Examination by the board of examiners of the nation. Passed 1878. (b) Choctaw nation: Certificate on diploma, or examination by the board of examiners of the nation. (c) Creek nation: No law.

IOWA.-Certificate on diploma from college "in good standing," or examination by the state board of medical examiners. Passed 1886.

KANSAS.-No law.

KENTUCKY.-Ten years' practice, or registration and indorsement of diploma of a legally chartered college by secretary of the state board of health. Passed 1874, 1888, 1890.

LOUISIANA.- Recording diploma before county clerk or justice of the peace, after indorsement of same by state board of health, which is "required to certify to the diploma of any medical institution of credit and respectability, without regard to its system of therapeutics." Passed 1882, 1887.

MAINE. No law.

MARYLAND.-Verification of diploma of college "in good standing," or examination by state board of health (law inoperative). Passed 1888.

MASSACHUSETTS.-No law.

MICHIGAN. Record diploma in county clerk's office. Passed 1883.
MINNESOTA.- Examination by state board of medical examiners. Passed in 1883,

1887.

MISSISSIPPI.-Examination by a county board of medical censors.

Passed 1882.

MISSOURI. Certificate on diploma from college in "good standing," or examination by state board of medical examiners. Passed 1883.

MONTANA. Ten years' practice, certificate on diploma from a college "in good standing," or examination by state board of medical examiners. Passed in 1889. NEBRASKA.- Register in the office of the county clerk. Passed 1881, 1883. NEVADA.

NEW HAMPSHIRE.-License from the board of censors of medical society. NEW JERSEY.-Examination by the state board of medical examiners. Passed 1880, 1888, 1890.

NEW MEXICO.-Indorsement of diploma or examination by territorial board of examiners. Passed 1882.

NEW YORK.--Examination by one of the state boards of examiners after September 1, 1891. Indorsement of diploma until September 1, 1891. Law passed 1880, 1888, 1890.

NORTH CAROLINA.-Examination by the state board of medical examiners. Passed 1859, 1885.

NORTH DAKOTA.-Examination by the state board of medical examiners. Passed

1890.

OHIO.-Law inoperative.

OREGON.-Certificate on diploma from a college "in good standing," or examination by the state board of medical examiners. Passed 1889.

PENNSYLVANIA.-Registration of diploma before county prothonotary, after indorsement (of diploma from college outside of state) by some medical college within the state. Passed 1881.

RHODE ISLAND.-No law.

SOUTH CAROLINA.-Examination by the state board of medical examiners. Passed 1881, 1888.

SOUTH DAKOTA.-Certificate on diploma, or examination by the territorial board of health. Territorial law, 1884.

TENNESSEE.-Registration after certificate on diploma of college "in good standing," or examination by state board of medical examiners. Passed 1889.

TEXAS.-Registration after indorsement of diploma, or examination by a district board of examiners (practically inoperative). Passed 1876, 1879.

UTAH. No law.

VERMONT.-Registration after indorsement of diploma, or examination by a board of medical censors appointed by either state medical society. Passed 1880.

VIRGINIA. Examination by state medical examining board. Passed 1884, 1888. WASHINGTON.-Examination by state medical examining board. Passed 1890. WEST VIRGINIA.—Certificate on diploma of “reputable" college, or examination by the state board of health. Passed 1882.

WISCONSIN.-Examination or indorsement of diploma by the censors of any state or county society. Laws of 1878, 1881.

WYOMING.-File record of diploma with registrar of deeds. Passed 1886.

In Minnesota, Montara, North Dakota, and Washington, every applicant for license to practice must have attended three courses of lectures. The same will be required by the California boards after April 1, 1891, the Colorado board after July 1, 1893, by the Illinois and Iowa boards after the session of 1890-'91, and by the boards of examiners of New York after September 1, 1891. There will probably be three more state examining boards in the next year.

METEOROLOGY OF THE YEAR 1893.

PREPARED BY PROF. F. H. SNOW, OF THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS, FROM OBSERVATIONS TAKEN AT LAWRENCE.

-21

JANUARY, 1893.

The coldest January since 1888. There have been seven colder Januarys on our 26 years' record. The mercury fell below zero only once, but the average temperature was unusually low, there being only four days whose mean temperature was above freezing point. The fall of rain and snow was extraordinarily light, being the lowest January precipitation upon our entire record. The barometer was low and the wind velocity normal.

MEAN TEMPERATURE.-22.38 deg., which is 3.07 deg. below the December average. The highest temperature was 50 deg., on the 31st; the lowest was one-half a degree below zero, on the 13th, giving a range of 49.5 deg. Mean temperature at 7 A. M., 17.19 deg.; at 2 P. M., 28.96 deg.; at 9 P. M., 21.68 deg.

RAINFALL (including melted snow).— 0.08 inch; which is 1.14 inches below the January average. Rain or snow fell in measurable quantities on 2 days. There were four other days on which rain or snow fell in quantity too small for measurement. The entire depth of snow was 1 inch. There were no thundershowers.

MEAN CLOUDINESS.-41.33 per cent. of the sky, the month being 4.74 per cent. clearer than usual. Number of clear days (less than one-third cloudy), 11; half clear (from one- to two-thirds cloudy), 12; cloudy (more than two-thirds ), 8. There were entirely clear days and 2 entirely cloudy. Mean cloudiness at 7 A. M., 51 per cent.; at 2 P. M., 40 per cent.; at 9 P. M., 33 per cent.

WIND.-Northwest, 32 times; southwest, 17 times; north, 14 times; west, 8 times; south, 7 times; east 6 times; northeast, 5 times; southeast, 4 times. The total run of the wind was 11,830 miles, which is 40 miles above the January average. This gives a mean daily velocity of 381.6 miles, and a mean hourly velocity of 15.9 miles. The highest velocity was 60 miles an hour, at 9 A. M. on the 9th.

BAROMETER. Mean for the month, 29.142 inches; at 7 A. M., 29.136 inches; at 2 P. M., 29.119 inches; at 9 P. M., 29.170 inches; maximum, 29.580 inches, on the 15th; minimum, 28.624 inches, on the 11th; monthly range, 0.956 inch. The following table

furnishes a comparison

with the

preceding Januarys: