1861 he was elected county commissioner and upon the expiration of his term was re-elected. For over twenty years he has been the village magistrate. In his political convictions he is a Republican; originally, however, he was a Democrat, but the issues involved in the war placed him in the Republican ranks. He is a Methodist in religious belief, and a patron of all charitable and religious enterprises. During the war he took an active part in forwarding any war measures, and his time and money

were always at command. Four of his brothers, Dexter W., Isaac, Ebenezer and William A., were Union soldiers. The last three gave up their lives in defense of the cause. Mr. Sullivan has been twice married. His first wife, Miss Martha Ogle, whom he married in 1858, died in 1871. In 1873 he was again married, to Miss Amanda Humiston, of Washington County, Ohio. By the first union there was one child, Cora M. (Mugrage); by the second, two: Mattie C. and Ernest E.

OLIVE

LIVE GREEN TOWNSHIP, named after its principal stream, was one of the original townships of Morgan County, organized in 1819, and then embraced as at present, a full congressional township. A few years later, on account of the political complexion of the township, its name was changed to Jackson. It is the only township in the county whose boundaries were not changed after the erection of Noble County

in 1851.

Jonathan Hughs was commissioned justice of the peace for Olive Green Township, August 18, 1819, and served a full term. Moses Grandstaff was commissioned justice October 21, 1819. These were the first magistrates in the township.

The following list, copied from the Morgan County tax duplicate, gives the names of all owners of real estate in Olive Green Township (township 5, range 9), in the year 1836, and may therefore be regarded

as a complete list of the pioneer settlers of the township at that date :

William Allison, William Barton, James Britton, Henry Carroll, Joseph Carroll, Aaron Carroll, William Carroll, Peter Cadwell, Mary Cadwell, Ebenezer CunCunningham, Jarvis Eddleston, John Farley, Aaron Hughs, Jonathan Hughs, George Johnson, Henry Gore, Jacob Jordan, Peter Keith, Benjamin Keith, George Legg, John and Thomas Merritt, William Ole phant, William Roach, John B. Ripley's heirs, Wilbur Sprague's heirs, Abraham Secrest, Thomas Taylor, John Taylor, Peter Taylor, David Wallace, David Wilson. Number of acres, 3,638; value of land and houses, $4,449; tax on the same, $44.29.

Aaron Hughs was probably the first settler of the township. He was a native of Hardin County, Va., and a thorough backwoodsman. He came to Ohio in 1804, and located on Will's Creek, in Guernsey County. After making considerable improvements there, he sold out and removed to what is now Center Township, Morgan County. He sold his property on Will's Creek for $500, and the money was stolen from him soon after, while he was stopping at a tavern. He lived two years on Olive Green Creek, in Morgan County, then sold out his improvement for $150, and with $80 of this, made an entry of the land in Jackson Township, on which he lived and died. The year of his settlement in this township was either 1811 or 1812.

He was chiefly engaged in hunting and trapping, and was expert in the use of the rifle. Equipped with a gun and a pocket compass and accompanied only by his faithful dog, he was at home anywhere in the forest. He killed deer and sold venison hams at twenty-five cents each; got $2 and upward for the scalp of each wolf killed; and from skin, bounties and meat made more money than any pioneer could who devoted himself solely to farming. Hughs killed four large buck elk after coming to this township, and his son James killed another. These were the last elk ever seen in the western part of the county.

Aaron Hughs had a family of seven sons and five daughters. The names of his children were Phebe, Josie, Polly, Lucy, Rebecca, James, Amos, Gabriel, Aaron, Jonathan, William and John. Of these Gabriel is the only one now living in the county. William, John and Lucy still survive, and are residents of Iowa.

Gabriel Hughs was born in Hardin County, Va., in 1801, and has resided in Ohio since he was three years old. He has had far more experience in dealing with the world than usually falls to citizens of a new country; also more extensive acquaintance with the difficulties and hardships that pioneers have to encounter. Mr. Hughs is still vigorous and healthy and delights to narrate his early adventures. For fifteen years he peddled bells for the Keiths, traveling through northern Ohio and parts of Indiana. At first he went on horse

Tree; Mary Keith (nee Taylor), of Keith's, and James Taylor, son of Thomas, now in Illinois.

These English pioneers left Liverpool on a sailing vessel, and were sixty days on the ocean. They landed at Philadelphia, and after remaining about two weeks making preparations for their journey into the western wilds, started for Pittsburgh in two road wagons, each drawn by six horses. At At Pittsburgh they they bought a flat-boat, loaded themselves and their goods upon it, and started down the Ohio, some of the men rowing a part of the time to make better speed than the current afforded. They were intending to go to Cincinnati, then in the "far West," but falling in with one of the Keiths at

Marietta, were led to abandon their purpose, through his account of the cheap and fertile lands yet unentered in Jackson Township. Accordingly, they sold their flat-boat at about one-half its original cost, and all came to the township and began the difficult and laborious task of subduing the forest and making themselves a home. Their inexperience caused the difficulties and hardships of pioneer life to assume mammoth proportions; but relying upon the old maxim, "Where there is a will there is a way," they betook themselves bravely to their unfamiliar tasks, and soon had their cabins and clearings made and in good order. During nearly a year Thomas Taylor and his wife with their ten children, John Taylor, the bachelor, and Peter Taylor, his wife and two children all lived in the same cabin.

In the day time they could get along quite conveniently, as some members of the family were usually out of doors at work, but at night they found their quarters to be rather close.

Thomas Taylor settled on Big Run the year after he came, and there lived and died. His sons were John, Thomas, Peter and James. John amassed a good property, and died on Big Run.

Peter Taylor's children at the time of his arrival were John and Margaret. A son, Peter, was born later, and is still living in the West. John Taylor, oldest son of Peter Taylor, Sr., was born in England, January 1, 1814, and is still living. He has been a resident of Jackson Township since 1817, and is a worthy and respected citizen. His uncle John, who was one of the pioneer immigrants, died a bachelor.

Peter Gore was a widower when he came to this country. He lived on the creek, near the old Hughs' farm. His children were Henry, Mary and Ellen. James Cadwell, after his marriage, settled where John Wilson now lives. Peter Fernley came from England a few years later, married one of the Cadwell girls and settled in the township. James Britton, another Englishman, came to the township soon after the Taylors. He was an elderly man, and died shortly after his arrival. One day as he was out with a neighbor looking through the woods, chancing to hear a cow-bell, he said. in all seriousness, "I was not aware that you had a church here."

According to the recollection of John Taylor, the Hughses, Keiths, Carrolls, Wilbur Sprague and his family, the Merritts, and perhaps one or two others, were all that had settled in the township prior to

1817.

Marietta was the nearest trading place for these pioneers until Robert McKee opened a store at Olive, and Colonel Enoch S. McIntosh (still living) another at Ludlow. Rainey's mill at Macksburg was the only convenient mill, and that was often stopped for want of water. About 1829 a horse-mill was erected at Peter Taylor's; Ebenezer Cunningham, who lived near where Dexter City now is, and John Morgareidge were the millwrights.

George Carroll, a fine old man, who had served his country in the Revolutionary War, came from Will's Creek, in Guernsey County, and entered three quarter-sections of land on Reasoner's Run. He used to say that at the battle of Brandywine he and another comrade were the sole survivors out of all his regiment. His sons were Henry, Joseph, William and Aaron. A few representatives of the Carroll family still remain in the township.

Lewis Waller was an early settler, and lived on the school section. He was originally from Pennsylvania, but came here from Will's Creek. His brothers, Jesse, David, John and William, lived for a time on Big Run. Most of the Wallers went west. The Merritts also came from Will's Creek, and were intermarried with the Waller family. Daniel Merritt

married Jane Waller, and John Merritt married Polly.

Moses Grandstaff, one of the first justices of the peace, was only a brief resident of the township. He mar ried a sister of Lewis Waller. Jonathan Hughs, for many years the magistrate of the township, was a fine man and a leading citizen. Instead of encouraging litigation for his own emolument, he always sought to have his neighbors settle their disputes without resorting to legal measures. Many a dispute brought before him was amicably adjusted by the Squire's friendly advice without trial. The Squire lost his fees, but that did not trouble him if he could make two enemies friends.

Wilbur Sprague, son of one of the Washington County pioneers, came to the township about 1814, and settled on a farm adjoining that of Aaron Hughs. His adventures in the Indian War are elsewhere mentioned.

George Legg came about the same. time, and made an entry of eighty acres. He was a Virginian, and a shoemaker by trade.

THE KEITHS.-Peter and Benjamin, were among the most prominent early settlers. They came about 1817, and took up farms. They were Pennsylvanians, and had lived on Tick Hill for a short time before removing here. Both were blacksmiths and bell-makers. Benjamin was the grandfather of W. B. Keith, Esq.

The Jordans were early settlers on Will's Creek, about five miles from Cambridge. Afterward he removed to the headwaters of Duck