3. When the divisor is large, and not a composite number, you may divide by the whole divisor at once, after manner of long division, as follows, viz.

produces 693 shillings, which divided by 47, gives [14s. in the quotient.

47

223

188

35 shillings remaining.

Multiply by 12 and add in the 3d.

produces 423 pence, wihch divided as above, gives d. [9d. in the quotient.

243

EXAMPLES OF

WEIGHTS, MEASURES, &c,

1. Divide 14 cwt. 1 qr. 8 lb. of sugar equally among

2. Divide 6 T. 11 cwt. 3 qrs. 19 lb. by 4

Ans. 1T. 12 cwt. 3grs. 25lb. 120%

3. Divide 14 cwt. 1 qr. 12 lb. by 5

Ans. 2cwt. 3qrs. 13lb. 9oz. 9dr.+

4. Divide 16 lb. 13 oz. 10 dr. by 6

Ans. 2lb. 12oz. 15dr. 17 pwt. of silver into 9 equal Ans. 6lb. 3oz. 8pwt. 13 grs.+

5. Divide 56 lb. 6 oz. parts. 6. Divide 26 lb. 1 oz. 5 pwt. by 24

Ans. 1lb. 1oz. 1pwt. 1gF.

7. Divide 9 hhds. 28 gals. 2 qts. by 12

Ans. Ohhd. 49gals. 2qts. 1pt.

8. Divide 168 bu. 1 pk. 6 qts. by 35

Ans. 4bu. 3 pks. 2gts

9. Divide 17 lea. 1 m. 4 fur. 21 po. by 21

Ans. 2m. 4fur. 1pỡ.

10. Divide 43 yds. 1 qr. 1 na. by 11

Ans. 3yds. 3qrs. 3na:

11. Divide 97 E. E. 4 qrs. 1 na. by 5

Ans. 19yds. 2qrs. 3na.+ 12. Divide 4 gallons of brandy equally among 144 soldiers. Ans. 1gill a-piece 13. Bought a dozen of silver spoons, which together weighed 3 lb. 2 oz. 13 pwt. 12 grs. how much silver did ach spoon contain ? Ans. 3oz. 4 put. 11gr. 14. Bought 17 cwt. 3 qrs. 19 lb. of sugar, and sold out ne third of it; how much remains unsold?

Ans. 11 cut. 3gp. 2216.

F

15. From a piece of cloth containing 64 yards 2 na a tailor was ordered to make 9 soldiers' coats, which took one third of the whole piece; how many yards did each Ans. 2yds. 1gr. 2 na.

coat contain ?

PRACTICAL QUESTIONS.

1. If 9 yards of cloth cost 4l. 38. 74d. what is that per yard ?

£. s. d. qr.

9)4 3 7 2

9 3 2 Answer.

2. If 11 tuns of hay cost 231. Os.

tun ?

2d. what is that

per

Ans. £2 1s. 10d. 15s. 6d. what is that Ans. 7s. 11d. 2qrs.

3. If 12 gallons of brandy cost 4l. per gallon? 4. If 84 lbs. of cheese cost 17. 16s. 9d. what is that per pound ? Ans. 51d. 5. Bought 48 pairs of stockings for 117. 2s. how much a Ans. 4s. 74d.

pair do they stand me in ? 6. If a reckoning of 51. 8s. 101d. be paid equally among 13 persons, what do they pay a-piece ? Ans. 88. 44d. 7. A piece of cloth containing 24 yards, cost 187 69. what did it cost per yard? Ans. 15s. 3d. 8. If a hogshead of wine cost 337. 12s. what is it a gal'on? Ans. $10s. 8d. 9. If 1 cwt. of sugar cost 37. 10. what is it per pound ?

Ans. 74d.

10. If a man spend 717. 14s. 6d. a year what is that per calendar month ?

11. The Prince of Wales'

what is that a day?

Ans. £5 19s. 61d. salary is 150,000. a year, Ans. £410 19s. 2d.

12. A privateer takes a prize worth 12465 dollars, of which the owner takes one half, the officers one fourth and the remainder is equally divided among the sailors, who are 125 in number; how much is each sailor's part Ans. $2493cta.

13. Three merchants A, B, and C, have a ship in Lompany. A hath, B, and C, and they receive for freight 2281. 16s. 8d. It is required to divide it among the owners according to their respective shares.

Ans. A's share £143 0s. 5d. C's share £28 12s. 1d.

B's share £57 4s. 2d.

14. A privateer having taken a prize worth $6850, it is divided into one hundred shares; of which the captain is to have 11; 2 lieutenants, each 5; 12 midshipmen, each 2; and the remainder is to be divided equally among the sailors, who are 105 in number.

Ans. Captain's share $753 50cts. lieut's $342 50cts. a midshipman's $137, and a sailor's $35 88cts."

REDUCTION,

TEACHES to bring or change numbers from one name to another, without altering their value. Reduction is either Descending or Ascending.

Descending is when great names are brought into small, as pounds into shillings, days into hours, &c.-This is done by Multiplication.

Ascending is when small names are brought into great, a shillings into pounds, hours into days, &c. This is erformed by Division.

REDUCTION DESCENDING.

RULE.

Multiply the highest denomination given, by so many of the next less as make one of that greater, and thus continue till you have brought it down as low as your question requires.

PROOF. Change the order of the question, and divide your last product by the last multiplier, and so on.

EXAMPLES.

1. In 25l. 158, 9d. 2qrs. how many farthings?

15. From a piece of cloth containing 64 yards 2 na a

tailor was ordered to make 9 one third of the whole piece; coat contain ?

soldiers' coats, which took how many yards did each Ans. 2yds. 1gr. 2 na.

PRACTICAL QUESTIONS.

1. If 9 yards of cloth cost 4l. 38. 74d. what is that per yard?

£. s. d. qr. 9)4 3 7 2

9 3 2 Answer.

2. If 11 tuns of hay cost 231. Os.

tun ?

2d. what is that per Ans. £2 18. 10d. 15s. 6d. what is that Ans. 7s. 11d. 2qrs.

3. If 12 gallons of brandy cost 47. per gallon? 4. If 84 lbs. of cheese cost 17. 16s. 9d. what is that per pound ? Ans. 51d. 5. Bought 48 pairs of stockings for 117. 28. how much a pair do they stand me in ? Ans. 4s. 74d. 6. If a reckoning of 51. 88. 10d. be paid equally among 13 persons, what do they pay a-piece ? Ans. 88. 41d.

7. A piece of cloth containing 24 yards, cost 187 69. what did it cost per yard? Ans. 15s. 3d. 8. If a hogshead of wine cost 337. 12s. what is it a gal'on ?

Ans. $10s. 8d. 9. If 1 cwt. of sugar cost 37. 10. what is it per pound ?

Ans. 74d. 10. If a man spend 717. 148. 6d. a year what is that per calendar month ? Ans. £5 19s. 61d.

11. The Prince of Wales' salary is 150,000l. a year, what is that a day? Ans. £410 19s. 2d.

12. A privateer takes a prize worth 12465 dollars, of which the owner takes one half, the officers one fourth and the remainder is equally divided among the sailors, who are 125 in number; how much is each sailor's part Ans. $2499cta.