LONDON, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 13, 1879. CONTENTS.- No 311, NOTES:-Chap-book Notes, 461-John Wilkes, 462-Editors and Librarians, 463-Lady Susan Strangways-Evil Omens connected with the Stuart Standard, 464-Buchmann, Geflügelte Worte: "Dat Galenus," &c.-Library Catalogues -Two Entries relating to Thefts of Books, 465-" Prose" and "Verse"-Kennaquhair-"A helping-stick "-Snow in Superstitions in West Somerset, 466. QUERIES:-The Portraits at St. John's College, Cambridge, 466" Whenever"-Sir Reginald Bray-St. Paul's Church Harvest, 1879-Police Meteorology-The Scilly Isles-Popular yard Wildey's Shop-An Irish Footboy-Heraldic-The Theatre at Parma-Tailed Men of Kent-Early Gravestones -"Death's part"-Holbein's Portrait of Anne of Cleves A Brass Medal, 467-Yonge of Keynton and More-Yew Trees encircling Churches-The First Quaker in Parliament-A Duel on Horseback-Lincolnshire Visitations-An Engrav 472-"Pick "Vomit-The Four of Clubs-" The Four Sons NOTES ON BOOKS:-Stubbs's "Historical Works of Gervase of Canterbury" (Rolls Series)-Brash's "Ogam Inscribed Monuments of the Gaedhil in the British Islands "-Scott's "Little Masters." Notices to Correspondents, &c. Nates. CHAP-BOOK NOTES. NO. I.—A LAMENT OF THE CHAPMEN. what he has personally done in the early years of For the present let the following little-known ballad be accepted as a contribution to the litera ing-Grapes-Hunloke of Wingerworth, Baronets-Authors Wanted, 468. REPLIES:-A Topographical Society for London-A Re-ture of chap-books. It tells of a depression in puted Picture by Hogarth, 469-"Posy," 470-"Locksley trade among those wandering venders of books Hall"-Tatton Family, 471-J. Arbuthnot-"Apple-cart,' and popular songs, the "cheap jacks" and pedlars, of Aymon"-"No great shakes," 473-Coat of Arms-"You who were the early and living precursors of the know"-"Trampers "-Parker Family-Black Stamps-The more ambitious "box from Mudie's," or from Marriage Ring, 474-" Print," &c.-Visitation Books-Portraits said to be by Faithorne-Sir E. Landseer-H. N. Bell Cawthorn & Hutt's British Library. The cheap -The Old Hundredth Psalm, 475-Drought in Scotland- literature of our own day, with its superabundance King John as Earl of Moreton-Ink, 476-Pope and his of silly effeminate novels, is not so unmixed an Quarrels-Picture by Jansen-The Father of Robert fitz Harding-Old Engraving-Barony of Benhall, 477-Tea improvement on the chap-books of old time as Drinking-" Braid "-Authors Wanted, &c., 478. shallow minds believe. Good service was done of yore by those peripatetic merchants, whose varied wares gave delight to many a purchaser. Long before the brothers Robert and William Chambers, of Edinburgh, sent out their penny_tracts and Miscellanies, or the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge issued its invaluable Penny Magazine (commenced on March 31, 1832), the demand and supply had been constant, especially in Scotland, among the intelligent labourers, for cheap editions of standard works. Along with Having long felt an interest in the popular these were gladly purchased penny histories, bioliterature of earlier times, represented by chap-graphies, humorous or tragic tales, and numerous books and by street ballads, whether broadsides, garlands of old romantic ballads, which filled the single slips, or garlands, it had been my intention book-shelf of the peasantry. to give "N. & Q." a series of brief notes, chronological or occasional, special or discursive, on the chief curiosities that I have collected; but the Folk-Lore Society is promised a special book on the subject of chap-books by our esteemed friend Mr. W. J. Thoms, from whom so many times have come rich gifts to the public. It will be better, therefore, to delay my own half-promised series, if not to abandon the intention altogether, until we see what the Olympian deities provide us elsewhere. It is not very probable that the rarities thus described will coincide with those gradually accumulated in my own treasury, every collector having his own hobbies and idiosyncrasies; but nothing written by Mr. Thoms can fail to interest all of us who are true students of the past. To him we owe a large debt of gratitude, not only for the accuracy which he himself so invariably displays, but for the effect which his good example has worked on hundreds of other inquirers. By Except in the Northern counties, England seems never to have been proportionately supplied with such cheap literature. Our agricultural labourers were, and still are, inferior to their Scottish brethren in knowledge, whether religious or secular. They still show a singular deadness of curiosity, where a Scotchman is full of intelligence. The history of his own land, the achievements of his own countrymen, the songs of earlier time, even a love for the beautiful scenery which may be in his own immediate neighbourhood, all fail to interest the English agricultural labourer, in comparison with the better trained but worse paid ploughmen and herd-laddies or farm-lasses of the North. By the latter, in the bygone days, the periodical visits of the chapman, with his new supply of "wee bookies," were hailed joyfully. Some of the wellthumbed relics of those times in my own collection, and others dispersed throughout the libraries of the curious, could give a history of great value if, like Charles Johnstone's "Chrysal," they were endowed with power to tell who were their earlier possessors, and what hours had been spent gleefully over their pages at the farmer's ingle, or on the hillside while the reader herded sheep, and studied "auld Scots sangs" to win favour of the bonny lassie whom he hoped to meet ""Twixt the gloamin' and the mirk, When the kye comes hame." Variety here you plainly may see, We travail all day through Dirt, and through Mire, We have choice of Songs and merry books too, Here, as an introduction to what we may hereafter Which every young swain may Whistle at Plough, give, is the old black-letter ballad :— THE SORROWFUL LAMENTATION OF THE PEDLARS For the hardness of the Times, and the decay of Trade. This may be Printed, R[obt]. P[ocock]. [Three woodcuts (two of a woman); the centre cut is of a bearded man, with heavy pack on his back, and two rabbits in his right hand, a staff in the other. We retain changes of type and redundant capitals.] The times are grown hard, more harder than stone, And therefore the Pedlars may well make their moan, Lament and complain that trading is dead, That all the sweet Golden fair Days now are fled : Then Maidens and Men, Come see what you lack, Come hither and view, here's choice and here's store, Come Maidens, &c. Let none at a Tester repent or repine, To buy a new Licence, your mon[e]y I crave, Here's Garters for Hose. and Cotten for shooes, Come buy this fine Coife, this dressing or hood, And Every fair Milk-Maid may sing to her Cow. Since Trading's so dead we must needs complain, If these lines serve no purpose but to revive interest in the subject, and inspirit the editor of the projected Folk-Lore Society's book "to whet his blunted purpose," I shall not have written in vain. J. WOODFALL EBSWORTH. Molash Vicarage, by Ashford, Kent. JOHN WILKES. I found among the Historical Prints of the year 1764, as preserved in the Print Room, British Museum-a collection of invaluable quality and great interest for artists and antiquaries, but very little known to them-several receipts and official acknowledgments for taxes paid by John Wilkes during his sojourn in Paris in the year in question. These papers refer to the capitation tax for the benefit of the poor and other payments, with the address of the hero of "No. XLV." as "M. Wikt anglois, Mlle sa fille, m m feu Doechbu(?) 2 Laquais," the amount paid in one case being "142 (sols) 10," besides "28 10," total 171 sols (about 78. 1d.), the address being "Maison à Mlle De Rollinde, Rue St. Nicaise, Quartier du Louvre,” Dec., 1764. In the same folio is a letter in French verse addressed "A Mounseer, Monsiuer Wilkes." We know that Wilkes lived more than once in the Hôtel de Saxe, Rue du Colombier, and at other times (1766) in the Rue des Saints Pères, Paris. He had just left the former place, and was going to Notre Dame arm-in-arm with Lord Palmerston, and had got near the church of St. Germain l'Auxerrois when he encountered a crazy Scottish ci-devant captain in Ogilvy's regiment—a corps which was notorious for its Jacobite proclivities-Mr. C. John Forbes, who tried to fasten a quarrel on him on account of what he had written in the North Briton, where he had abused the Scotch so bitterly that murder was made easy to many a conscience from might suffice. In illustration of this fact I may beyond the Tweed. So eager was the captain that, mention that the third volume of Dr. Hayman's on learning Wilkes was to be found at the Hôtel de Odyssey would have been ready for the press long Saxe, he presented himself "the next morning since, but that the process of collating original about six," which was a little early in the day for MSS. has been quintupled in labour by the diffia duel, even in Paris in 1764. According to the culties thrown in his way, as in that of other colsuggestions of Almon (Correspondence of J. Wilkes, lators, by the rules under which those treasures 1805, i. 217), Forbes had close communications are kept. Take the British Museum as an instance. with the Earl of Sandwich, a minister who, as The officials there are as courteous and obliging as "Jemmy Twitcher," could not be indifferent to possible. But inasmuch as the rules of the instithe fate of the "demagogue." Several of Wilkes's tution absolutely prohibit the removal of MSS. letters to "Mlle sa fille" are dated from the Hôtel from the Reading Room, how is an editor to conde Saxe; his letters to Humphrey Cotes, dated tend against distance from town, rare intervals of Feb. 17 and April 30, 1764, were from the Rue St. leisure, short winter days—the Reading Room closes Nicaise, and give accounts of his establishment at 4 P.M., no gas or other light being permitted there, to which he removed because the hotel "was there, for the electric light has not as yet been very expensive." It describes his boy, "a lively permanently adopted-and the necessity of visiting little rogue," as then in the care of Mr. Frogley, of and revisiting each depôt of MSS. separately in Hounslow, an "apothecary," and of the Bucks order to complete his task? How is he to bring Militia. This must have been the great-grand- two codices, not in the same collection, face to face, father of the Mr. Frogley of Hounslow, a well-in order to compare them? In comparing old MSS. known surgeon, who died not many years ago. In the best light and unimpaired vigour of every a letter dated Calais, Dec. 12, 1764, Wilkes told faculty are needed; a cloudy or foggy day, or a Cotes that he had tranferred the apartments in the headache, will often frustrate all efforts; whereas, if Rue St. Nicaise to Garrick. This letter was the book could be sent to the man, instead of written at Grandsire's Hotel, famous in Hogarth's bringing the man to the book, the work of years print of "The Gate of Calais." A very dear inn might be compressed into months. it must have been to Wilkes, for he said, "Although I have not supped nor drank, my bill is 328 livres," for eight days! I wish to conclude this long note with an inquiry if any one knows at which house in Prince's Court, Storey's Gate, Westminster, Wilkes lived. His house in Great George Street (1762) has been identified, and Almon's note to vol. iii. as above, p. 239, says that Wilkes "hired a house at the corner of Prince's Court, where he lived some years." If so, which corner was it? Wilkes died in his house in Grosvenor Square, at the corner of South Audley Street, Dec. 26, 1797, and was buried in a vault of Grosvenor Chapel, South Audley Street. 0. EDITORS AND LIBRARIANS: CLASSICAL EDITING, AND THE RULES OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES.Comparatively few persons are aware of the immense labour of editing classical literature; and fewer still are aware of the numberless, almost insuperable, and often vexatious mechanical difficulties editors have to contend with. To do such work efficiently, time, patience, industry, and even money are as requisite as erudition; whereas frequently it is materially injured-sometimes actually spoiled -by hurry and pressure of every kind. The number of scholars who are rich enough in leisure and money to spend on generally unremunerative labour years of valuable time is very small. Yet years of really precious lives are actually squandered, when, by judicious amendment of restrictive rules and a wise economy of human effort, months only I am acquainted with a scholar who has, to my knowledge, in process of collation four MSS. of a classical author in the British Museum Library, and two at Oxford, besides the editio princeps. There is also another in the library of the late Sir Thomas Phillipps at Cheltenham, and yet another in Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, which he wishes to collate, but as matters stand it is probable that he will find it impossible to comprehend the collation of all these MSS. in his work, and so the labour of half a lifetime will be rendered to that extent incomplete. very The span of human existence is really too short for, such conditions of labour; and I would ask, in the interests of literature, whether it be not comparatively easy to devise adequate securities for the safe transmission and return of such codices and other valuable MSS., in order that they may be borrowed by scholars for use under the most favourable circumstances. I believe that the MSS. to which I have already referred have not been inquired for since Porson's time, and only one of them was asked for then; the MS. at Cambridge has not been looked at since Barnes consulted it; and if my friend could compare and collate them effectually I do not suppose they would be wanted again till the world's end, and so might sleep in limbo thenceforth. I earnestly trust that, after attention has been called to the subject in "N. & Q.," some steps will be taken to induce the Trustees of the British Museum and of other public libraries possessing original MSS., &c., to relax the rules which operate so injuriously, and to devise such securities as would enable them to lend the treasures in their custody to those persons who would use them most beneficially for the community at large. Surely the object of the bequest of such treasures to, or purchase by, the nation, is not that they shall be merely hoarded as valuable curiosities, but that they may be accessible to every one for literary purposes. Dr. John Barnard tells us, in his Life of Heylyn (Ecclesia Restaurata, &c., second edition, J. C. Robertson, 1849), that in his time rare and valuable books and MSS. belonging to Sir Robert Cotton's Library were lent out for literary purposes, on a certain sum of money being deposited by the borrower, and with the best results. Could not some similar plan be adopted by the British Museum and other great libraries in favour of well-known men ? I have not the Life of Heylyn at hand, or I would have given the passage entire. S. R. TOWNSHEND MAYER. Mill Terrace, West Brighton. LADY SUSAN STRANGWAYS.-The history of Lady Susan Strangways's marriage with Mr. O'Brien in the last century is well known, and I have a faint personal recollection of her, as a kind and courteous old lady, living at Stinsford, near Dorchester, in my own early days; but I had no idea that she was to be counted amongst our "noble authors" until, in turning over the archives of a near relative of hers the other day, I lighted upon a printed roll of the following patriotic song, endorsed "by Lady Susan O'Brien" :— "A WORD TO THE WISE. A New Ballad on the Times. The Mounseers they say have the World in a String- And leave us poor Englishmen nothing to eat. They call us already a Province of France, They jaw in their Clubs, murder Women and Priests,' For which they renounce both their God and their King! And yet there's no eating, 'tis all foolish play, Derry down, &c. They say Man and Wife should no longer be one, Do you take a Daughter and I'll take a Son; And as all things are equal, and all should be free, If your Wife don't suit you, Sir, perhaps she 'll suit me. Derry down, &c. Derry down, &c. They try to deceive us, our loss is their Gain, Then stand by the Church and the King and the Laws, It was accompanied by an election squib of the year 1792, which would probably pretty accurately represent its date; and I do not know that it admits of unfavourable comparison with the similar literature of the period. C. W. BINGHAM. EVIL OMENS CONNECTED WITH THE STUART STANDARD. In a pamphlet dating from the beginning of the present century, and dealing with many different topics, I find the following: "Among George Ballard's MSS. in the Bodelyan (sic) Library, at Oxford, there is an original letter from Dr. George Hickes to Dr. Charlett, dated Jan. 23, 1710-11, from which the following passage was transcribed :'I can defer sending my humble thanks no longer for your kind New Year's gift, the stately almanack and the the title-page, I happened to dip in p. 46, where I cast Orationes ex Portis Latinis, where, after looking upon my eye on the Sortes Virgiliana of Charles I. This gave me some melancholy reflections for an hour or two, and made me call to my mind the omens that happened at the coronation of his son James II. which I saw, viz., the tottering of his crown upon his head, the broken canopy over it, and the rent flag hanging upon the White Tower over against my door when I came home from the coronation. It was torn by the wind at the same time the signal was given to the Tower that he was crowned. I put no great stress upon omens, but I cannot despise them... Most of them, I believe, come by chance, but some from superior intellectual agents, especially those which regard the fate of nations.' Two other incidents I would briefly submit to your readers of omens evil for the standard of the Stuarts, which, when taken in connexion with the above simple narrative, would almost seem to bear out the opinion of honest George Hickes, that *Probably Dr. George Hickes, Dean of Worcester and Chaplain in Ordinary to His Majesty, who, in a sermon preached in St. Bridget's Church, on Easter Tuesday, 1684, before Sir Henry Tulse, Lord Mayor of London, advocated "colleges for the education of young when the fate of a dynasty is in question, certain signs may appear that may not be despised. "On the 25th of August, 1642, in the evening of a very stormy day, the king (Charles I.) set up bis royal standard on the Castle Hill at Nottingham. It was soon blown down by the violence of the wind, and could not be raised again for some days. This trifling circumstance added to the gloom and sadness felt at that moment by all the king's friends.”—Markham's History of England. This happened little more than a month before the unfortunate battle of Edgehill, fought on October 3, 1642. Again, at the very opening of the rebellion of '15 occurred this curious circumstance : "Splendida peccata" is traced, in its form (scil. to Melancthon's Loci Communes), in "N. & Q.," and not merely in its sentiment, as in Büchmann. But in the well-known "Vox populi" Büchmann has an earlier reference than other writers, so far as I have seen, by tracing its use to Alcuin, for in the Cl. Pr. edition of Hooker, bk. i. (1876, p. 122), the earliest use of it mentioned is by Eadmer, nor could I have pointed to an earlier use by any author than the somewhat prior one by St. Peter Damiani (Serm. de S. Ruffino, xxxvii. tom. ii. P. 100A, Rom., 1608). In the case of another, Dat Galenus opes dat Justinianus honores," I do not think that Büchmann has met with the earliest authority. The similar phrase, 66 "Dat Galenus opes, et sanctio Justiniana; is quoted by Alexander Anglus (Summa seu DeEt (cor. ex) aliis paleas, ex istis collige grana," "The Earl of Mar erected the Chevalier's standard there [Castleton of Brae-Mar] on the 6th of September, 1715, and proclaimed him King of Scotland, England, France, and Ireland, &c.......It is reported that when this standard was first erected the ornamental ball on the top fell off, which depressed the spirits of the stitious Highlanders, who deemed it ominous of misfor-structorium Vitiorum, fol., Ven., 1582, pars vi., tune in the cause for which they were then appearing.' c. 79, fol. 348 a) from a MS. of Grosseteste, "In This latter occurrence, the fall of the "golden knop," Evangelia," which Cave (Hist. Lit., s.v. 66 Robertus is (as I pointed out in a former note, 5th S. vii. 22) Linc.") states to be in the library at Cambridge. referred to in the third verse of the old Jacobite The same authority is also quoted in Dean Field's song "Up and waur them a' Willie." A remark of the Church (Cambr., 1847-52, vol. ii. p. 134). able fact connected with these cases is that while Will any Cambridge correspondent of "N. & Q." they jointly coincide with each other in the indi- confer the favour of a reference to this MS.? It cation of a general decline of the house of Stuart, is remarkable that there are very few references to they severally coincide with some individual Greek phrases in Büchmann's collection. instance of misfortune about to fall upon that illED. MARSHALL, fated race, as noticed at the different periods in question; thus affording a measure of support to the opinion of George Hickes, and those who may agree with him, in a ratio increasing, almost as arithmetical progression, with every additional instance of coincidence. ALEX. FERGUSSON, Lieut.-Col. United Service Club, Edinburgh. 66 Audaces BÜCHMANN, "GEFLÜGELTE WORTE": "DAT GALENUS," &C.-I have procured the book with the title as above on the high recommendation which it has received at the hands of "N. & Q." (ante, p. 379). Some of the longer notices in it are of phrases which have received more or less comment in "N. & Q.," such as 66 Gutta cavat," fortuna," "Homo proponit," " Experto crede," and others in frequent use. In some of these notices there is mention of an earlier authority than had been pointed out, in several there is very nearly the same history, and in others the advantage is on the side of "N. & Q." "Homo proponit," for instance, was shown to be used by the writer of the Chronicle of Battle Abbey, which is prior to the use of it by Thomas à Kempis, given in Büchmann. women, much like unto those in the Universities for the education of young men, but with some alteration in the discipline and economy, as the nature of such an institution would require." A very prophet this Dr. Hickes! *Vide Summary of Events of 1715, by Geo. Charles of Alloa, quoted in Hogg's Juc. Rel. second series, p. 257. Sandford St. Martin. libraries. Every possessor of even 500 volumes LIBRARY CATALOGUES.-There are libraries and likes to talk of his library, and a great many aspire even to having a catalogue. It is a harmless vanity, and one rarely hears of a book-collector ruining himself or his family by his mania. But why do not the men who profit by it do more to encourage it? We hear a good deal just now mulation of arrears in our public libraries, while about the catalogue difficulty and the awful accustill the flood is gaining on us. Why should not the books be made to catalogue themselves? Let every book that is a book and hopes to go down to posterity have its own catalogue slip or slips, intable of contents, just as we occasionally see slips serted on a fly-leaf at the end or after the index or of errata or corrigenda or directions to the binder inserted, with just enough room on the margin for a press mark. Surely if some of the great publishing houses would set the example the mere vanity of the authors would lead to its general adoption, and if we could not get rid of the arrears All that is needed is a concise and standard form we could at least prevent their future accumulation. of abstract title. J. B. E.I.U.S. Club. Two ENTRIES RELATING TO THEFTS OF Books. I append copies in extenso of two entries relating to thefts of books, pointed out to me on an Assize |