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hollow, could contain eighteen or twenty men. The maple tree, which abounds in this region, grows to a prodigious size, and is very valuable, on account of the sugar which the sap yields. *

* Dr Drake observes, that in the Miami country there are fortyfive species of trees which rise to the height of forty feet, and thirty which grow to the height of sixty feet. According to the state. ment of Mr Michaux, there are ninety kinds of trecs in the United States, which grow to the height of forty feet. In moist places, on the borders of the Ohio, the plane tree, Platanus occidentalis, and tulip tree, Liriodendron tulipifera, are the largest of the forest. One of the former, measured by Michaux the younger, was found to be forty-seven feet in circumference, at the height of four feet from the surface of the soil. This tree grew at the distance of thirty-six miles from Marietta, near the road to Wheeling. Another, in an island of the Ohio, fifteen miles above the river Muskingum, measured by General Washington, was thirty feet in diameter.* The most valuable timber trees of the Miami country are, the white flowering locust; oaks, white, black, bur and low-land chestnut oak; black walnut, wild cherry, yellow poplar, blue and white ash, mulberry, honey locust, shellback, hickery, coffee-nut, and beech. The trees which abound most are,-the beech, white oak, sugar tree, ash, hickery, and walnut. The most elegant flowering trees and shrubs are, the dogwood, redbud, white flowering locust, crab-apple, honeysuckle, black-haw, hawthorn, buckeye, yellow poplar, and plum tree. The flowering locust, so common in Kentucky, and along the borders of the Ohio, is rarely seen at a greater distance than thirty miles north of that river. The chestnut, persimmon, mountain chestnut oak, and fox grape, are also rare. The arbor vitæ, hemlock, yew, mountain maple, red berried elder, and witch hazle, are only seen near the falls of the Little Miami; and the swam-pash, cucumber tree, rose

* Voyage à l'ouest des Monts Alleghanys, par F. A. Michaux, Paris, 1808. + The timber of the western country is found to be inferior to that of the Atlantic states, which is attributed to its more rapid growth. It is softer, weaker, and less durable.

Animals. The woods abound with deer, wild turkies, geese, ducks, pheasants. and partridges. On the river St Mary, one of the branches of the Miami, and near Dayton and Cincinnati. The teeth and part of the backbone of the mammoth have been dug up from the depth of ten or twelve feet, in the alluvial soil. The bear and deer are still inhabitants of the forests of this state; and the flesh of both is dried and cured, and sold under the name of ham. Squirrels.-In 1808 the crop of Indian corn was, in some places, very much injured, in others totally destroyed, by the grey squirrel, which appeared in great numbers, migrating from north to south. In crossing the Ohio thousands were drowned; they had an emaciated appearance, and were covered with running ulcers made by worms of the grub kind. The legislature passed a law, requiring every free male inhabitant to furnish 100 squirrel scalps to the clerk of the county, or pay three dollars in cash. They disappeared about the 1st

willow, leatherwood, and aspen, are confined to the more northern parts. The Juglans pacan, (a species of hickery,) Aralia spinosa, (angelica tree,) and Bignomia catalpa, (catalpa tree,) which are common in the state of Indiana, and as far north as the latitude of Cincinnati, are not found to the east of the Great Miami. The white cedar, Cupressus thyoides, and cypress, Cupressus disticha, grow on the river Wabash; and the white pine, Pinus strobus, on the waters of the Muskingum, but neither of these are seen in the district of Miami. The cane (Arundinaria maerosperma) does not grow in the state to the north of the Ohio river; and, though it shoots up on the borders of the Wabash, it is rarely seen above the latitude of 39 degrees, The hop plant, ginseng, and colombo roots, grow spontaneously,

of January, and this law was repealed. In some hollow trees, afterwards cut down, their bones and hair were found, to the number of forty or fifty, which renders it probable that they died of some epidemic disease, otherwise they would have been found in the fields. In the same season the bilious fever and influenza ravaged the country.

Fishes.-The rivers are stocked with fish, sturgeon, catfish, buffalo-fish, pike, perch, sun-fish, sucker, and chub. Some of the catfish of the Ohio, of which there are two species or varieties, one of a black, and the other of a yellow colour, have weighed from fifty to ninety pounds. The author of the Western Gazetteer says, that, at the mouth of the Scioto river, he saw one caught which weighed seventy-four pounds. The buffalo-fish weighs from five to thirty; sturgeon, from four to forty; perch, from three to twelve; sucker, from one to six; the pike from four to fifteen. The common weight of the shad is two pounds. The softshelled turtle is considered as a great delicacy. A species of mullet, from two to five inches in length, furnishes a substance resembling mother-of-pearl, of which buttons are made.

Civil or Administrative Division of the State of Ohio, with the Population of each County and Chief Town, in 1810, the Year of the late Enu

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The population, in 1816, was estimated at 450,000. The number of white male inhabitants, above twentyone years, was found to be 64,550. * The population of this state, in 1791, was, by estimation, 3000. 1800, by the census, 42,156, in 1810, 230,760. Between the two first dates, it increased at the rate of 30 per cent. and thus doubled in the short space of three years. Between the two last dates, its progress was 181 per cent. nearly doubling every four years. According to the census of 1810, the proportion of males to females was as follows:

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