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When rank Thersites opes his mastive jaws,
We shall hear musick, wit, and oracle.

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ULYSS. Troy, yet upon his basis, had been down, And the great Hector's sword had lack'd a master 3, But for these instances.

The specialty of rule hath been neglected:
And, look, how many Grecian tents do stand
Hollow upon this plain, so many hollow factions",
When that the general is not like the hive,

Marseilles in Provence; where they had figured a lustie old man with a long chayne tyed by one end at his tong, by the other end at the people's eares, who stood afar off, and seemed to be drawen to him by force of that chayne fastened to his tong; as who would say, by force of his persuasions." MALONE.

Thus, in Chapman's version of the 13th Odyssey:

"He said; and silence all their tongues contain'd
"(In admiration) when with pleasure chain'd
"Their ears had long been to him." STEEVENS.

2 THOU great, and wise,] This passage is sense as it stands ; yet I have little doubt that Shakspeare wrote

Though great and wise

M. MASON.

3 Agam. Speak, &c.] This speech is not in the quarto.

JOHNSON.

4 - expect-] Expect for expectation. Thus, in our author's works, we have suspect for suspicion, &c. STEEVENS.

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beline:

- Hector's swORD HAD LACK'D A MASTER,] So, in Cym

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"Your sword, or mine; or masterless leaves both—."

STEEVENS. The specialty of rule-] The particular rights of supreme authority. JOHNSON.

7 HOLLOW upon this plain, so many HOLLOW factions.] The word hollow, at the beginning of the line, injures the metre, without improving the sense, and should probably be struck out.

M. MASON.

I would rather omit the word in the second instance. To stand empty, (hollow, as Shakspeare calls it,) is a provincial phrase applied to houses which have no tenants. These factions, however, were avowed, not hollow, or insidious. Remove the word hollow, at the beginning of the verse, and every tent in sight would become chargeable as the quondam residence of a factious chief; for the plain sense must then be-there are as many hollow factions as there are tents. STEEVENS.

To whom the foragers shall all repair,

What honey is expected? Degree being vizarded, The unworthiest shows as fairly in the mask.

The heavens themselves, the planets, and this center',

Observe degree, priority, and place,

Insisture, course, proportion, season, form,
Office, and custom, in all line of order:
And therefore is the glorious planet, Sol,
In noble eminence enthron'd and spher'd
Amidst the other; whose med'cinable eye
Corrects the ill aspects of planets evil 2,

And posts, like the commandment of a king,
Sans check, to good and bad: But, when the
planets,

In evil mixture, to disorder wander3,

8 When that the general is NOT LIKE the hive,] The meaning is,-When the general is not to the army like the hive to the bees, the repository of the stock of every individual, that to which each particular resorts with whatever he has collected for the good of the whole, what honey is expected? what hope of advantage? The sense is clear, the expression is confused. JOHNSON.

9 The heavens themselves,] This illustration was probably derived from a passage in Hooker: "If celestial spheres should forget their wonted motion; if the prince of the lights of heaven should begin to stand; if the moon should wander from her beaten way; and the seasons of the year blend themselves; what would become of man?" WARBURTON.

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the planets, and this CENTER,] i. e. the center of the earth, which, according to the Ptolemaic system, then in vogue, is the center of the solar system. WARBURTON.

By this center, Ulysses means the earth itself, not the center of the earth. According to the system of Ptolemy, the earth is the center round which the planets move. M. MASON.

2 Corrects the ill aspects of planets evil,] So, the folio. The quarto reads:

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Corrects th' influence of evil planets."

3 - But, when the planets,

MALONE.

In evil mixture, to disorder wander, &c.] I believe the poet, according to astrological opinions, means, when the planets form malignant configurations, when their aspects are evil towards one another. This he terms evil mixture. JOHNSON.

What plagues, and what portents? what mutiny? What raging of the sea? shaking of earth? Commotion in the winds? frights, changes, horrors, Divert and crack, rend and deracinate

The unity and married calm of states

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The poet's meaning may be somewhat explained by Spenser, to whom he seems to be indebted for his present allusion:

"For who so liste into the heavens looke,

"And search the courses of the rowling spheres,
"Shall find that from the point where they first tooke
"Their setting forth, in these few thousand yeares
"They all are wandred much; that plaine appeares.
"For that same golden fleecy ram, which bore
"Phrixus and Helle from their stepdames feares,
"Hath now forgot where he was plast of yore,
"And shouldred hath the bull which fayre Europa bore.
"And eke the bull hath with his bow-bent horne
"So hardly butted those two twins of Jove,

"That they have crush'd the crab, and quite him borne
"Into the great Nemæan lion's grove.

"So now all range, and do at random rove

"Out of their proper places far away,

"And all this world with them amisse doe move, "And all his creatures from their course astray, "Till they arrive at their last ruinous decay."

Fairy Queen, b. v. c. i.

STEEVENS.

The apparent irregular motions of the planets were supposed to portend some disasters to mankind; indeed the planets themselves were not thought formerly to be confined in any fixed orbits of their own, but to wander about ad libitum, as the etymology of their names demonstrates. ANONYMOUS.

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deracinate-] i. e. force up by the roots. So again, in King Henry V.:

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"That should deracinate such savag'ry." STEEVENS. MARRIED calm of states-] The epithet-married, which is used to denote an intimate union, is employed in the same sense by Milton:

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- Lydian airs

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"Wed your divine sounds."

Again, in Sylvester's translation of Du Bartas's Eden:

Quite from their fixture? O, when degree is

shak'd,

Which is the ladder of all high designs,

The enterprize' is sick! How could communities,
Degrees in schools, and brotherhoods in cities 8,
Peaceful commérce from dividable shores,
The primogenitive and due of birth,

Prerogative of age, crowns, sceptres, laurels,
But by degree, stand in authentick place?
Take but degree away, untune that string,
And, hark, what discord follows! each thing meets
In mere oppugnancy: The bounded waters
Should lift their bosoms higher than the shores,
And make a sop of all this solid globe 2:

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shady groves of noble palm-tree sprays,
"Of amorous myrtles and immortal bays;
"Never unleav'd, but evermore they're new,

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Self-arching, in a thousand arbours grew.

"Birds marrying their sweet tunes to the angels' lays,

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Sung Adam's bliss, and their great Maker's praise." The subject of Milton's larger poem would naturally have led him to read this description in Sylvester. The quotation from

him I owe to Dr. Farmer.

Shakspeare calls a harmony of features, married lineaments, in Romeo and Juliet, Act I. Sc. III. p. 39. See note on this passage. STEEVENS.

6-O, when degree is shak'd.] I would read:

So, when degree is shak'd. JOHNSON.
THE enterprize-] Perhaps we should read:

Then enterprize is sick!

JOHNSON.

8-brotherhoods in cities,] Corporations, companies, con

fraternities. JOHNSON.

9DIVIDABLE shores,] i. e. divided. So, in Antony and Cleopatra, our author uses corrigible for corrected.

son has the same observation. STEEVENS.

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Mr. M. Ma

-MERE oppugnancy:] Mere is absolute. So, in Hamlet:
things rank and gross in nature
"Possess it merely." STEEVENS.

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* And make a sop of all this solid globe :] So, in King Lear: I'll make a sop o'the moonshine of you." STEEVENS. In a former speech a boat is said to be made a toast for Neptune. BLAKEWAY.

Strength should be lord of imbecility,

And the rude son should strike his father dead:
Force should be right; or, rather, right and wrong,
(Between whose endless jar justice resides,)
Should lose their names, and so should justice too.
Then every thing includes itself in power,
Power into will, will into appetite;

And appetite, an universal wolf,

So doubly seconded with will and power,
Must make perforce an universal prey,

And, last, eat up himself. Great Agamemnon,
This chaos, when degree is suffocate,
Follows the choking.

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And this neglection of degree it is,

That by a pace goes backward, with a purpose
It hath to climb 5. The general's disdain'd
By him one step below; he, by the next;
That next, by him beneath: so every step,
Exampled by the first pace that is sick
Of his superior, grows to an envious fever
Of pale and bloodless emulation 6:

And 'tis this fever that keeps Troy on foot,
Not her own sinews. To end a tale of length,
Troy in our weakness stands, not in her strength,
NEST. Most wisely hath Ulysses here discover'd
The fever whereof all our power' is sick.

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this NEGLECTION-] This uncommon word occurs again in Pericles, 1609 :

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--if neglection

"Should therein make me vile-" MALONE. 4 That by a pace-] That goes backward step by step.

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- with a purpose

JOHNSON.

It hath to climb.] With a design in each man to aggrandize himself, by slighting his immediate superior. JOHNSON.

Thus the quarto. Folio-in a purpose. MALONE.

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- bloodless emulation:] An emulation not vigorous and

active, but malignant and sluggish. JOHNSON.

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