Death of Alexander-Sassamon,..................... ..187 | CHAP. VIII. Squando sachem of Saco-Attacks

-Speeches-Pocahontas again saves Smith and
his comrades from being murdered by her father
-Tomocomo,.......

...355

hatan-Pocahontas-She singularly entertains
Captain Smith-Disaster of a boat's crew-
Smith's attempt to surprise Powhatan frus-
trated in consequence-Pocahontas saves the
life of Wyffin-Betrayed into the hands of the
English-Japazaws-Mr. Rolfe marries Poca-
hontas-Opachisco-Pocahontas visits England
-Her interview with Smith-Dies at Gravesend
-Her son-Opekankanough-Made prisoner by
Smith-Is set at liberty-Conducts the mas-
sacre of 1622-Plots the extirpation of the
English-Conducts the horrid massacre of 1644
-Is taken prisoner-His conduct upon the oc-
casion-Barbarously wounded by the guard-
Last speech, and magnanimity in death-Re-
flections-Nickotawance-Totopotomoi-Joins
the English against the Rechahecrians-Is de-

CHAP. III. Of the Creek Indians-Muskogees-

feated and slain,....

Prohibit the use of ardent spirits-Their rise
and importance-Their origin-Catawbas-
Chikasaus-Cherokees-A mode of flattening
their heads-Complexion lighter than other
Indians-Seminoles-Ruins at Oakmulgee
Fields-Expedition of Soto-He kills 2000 In-
dians-Laudonniere - Gourges' expedition-
Grijalva-Moytoy made emperor of the Cher-
okees-Sir Alexander Cumming-His travels
among the Cherokees-Seven chiefs accompany
him to England-Attakullakulla-Skijagustah
CHAP. IV. Settlement of Carolina and Georgia
-His speech to the king-His death,......363
-Tomochichi receives the English-Goes to
England with General Oglethorpe-Makes a
speech to the king-His death-War with the
Spaniards-Outacitie - Malachty-Attakulla-
kulla-Indians murdered-Attakullakulla pre-
vents retaliation upon whites in his power-
Cherokee war begins-Governor Littleton's
expedition-Imprisons their Ambassadors
They are massacred-Colonel Montgomery sent
against them-Battle near Keowee-Chero-
kees take Fort London-Siloue-Saves the
life of Colonel Byrd-Colonel Grant subdues the
Cherokees, and they make peace with the
CHAP. V. Moneachtape, the Yazoo-Narrative
Whites-Chlucco,
.........369

the town of Saco-Singular account of him by a

contemporary-The ill treatment of his wife a

cause of war-His humanity in restoring a cap.

tive-Madokawando-Causes of his hostility-CHAP. II. Reflection upon the character of Pow-

......343

Assiminasqua-His speech-Speech of Tarum-

kin-Mugg-Is carried to Boston to execute a

treaty-Is Madokawando's ambassador-Re-

lease of Thomas Cobbet-Madokawando's kind-

ness to prisoners-Moxus attacks Wells and is

beaten off-Attacked the next year by the In-

dians under Madokawando and a company of

Frenchmen-Are repulsed with great loss-In-

cidents of the siege-Mons. Castiens-A further

account of Moxus-Wanungonet-Assacambuit

-Further account of Mugg-His death-Sy-

mon, Andrew, Jeoffrey, Peter, and Joseph-Ac-

count of their depredations-Life of Kankama-

gus-Treated with neglect-Flies his country-

Becomes an enemy-Surprise of Dover and

murder of Major Waldron-Masandowet-Wo-

rombo-His fort captured by Church-Kankam-

agus's wife and children taken-Hopehood-

Conspicuous in the massacre at Salmon Falls-

His death-Mattahando-Megunneway,....286

CHAP. IX. Bomazeen-Treachery of the whites

towards him-Is imprisoned at Boston-Saves

the life of a female captive-Captures Saco-

Is killed-Arruhawikwabemt-His capture and

death-Egeremet-Seized at Pemmaquid-Bar-

barously murdered-Treachery of Chubb-Its

requital-Captain Tom-Surprises Hampton-

Dony-His fort captured by Colonel Church-

Events of Church's expedition -Captain Simmo

-Treats with the English at Casco-His speech

-Wattanummon-Captain Samuel-His fight

at Damaris Cove-Hegan-One of the name bar-

barously destroyed by the whites-Mogg-

Westbrook burns Nerigwok-Some account of

the Jesuit Rasle-Moulton's expedition to Ner-

igwok-Death of Mogg-Death of Father Rasle

-Notice of Moulton-Charlevoix's account of

this affair-Paugus-Bounty offered for Indian

scalps-Captain John Lovewell's first expedi-

tion-His second hunt for Indians-Falls in with

Paugus-Fights him and is slain-Incidents-

Songs composed on the event,.

CHAP. X. The St. Francis Indians-Rogers's ex-

pedition against them-Philip-Sabatis-Ar-

nold's expedition-Natanis-The modern Pe-

nobscots-Aitteon-Neptune-Capt. Francis-

Susup murders an Englishman-Specimen of the

Penobscot language-Rowles-His prophecy-

Blind Will-Killed by the Mohawks-Assacam-

buit-Visits France and is knighted by the king

-Attacks and burns Haverhill-His death,.318

CHAP. XI. Destruction of Deerfield, and captiv-

ity of Reverend John Williams and family, in

1704,

.325

..303

CHAP. XII. Various incidents in the history of

the New England Indians, embracing several

important events, with a sequel to some pre-

vious memoirs,........

......328

BIOGRAPHY

BOOK IV.

OF THE

AND HISTORY

SOUTHERN INDIANS.

CHAP. 1. Preliminary observations respecting the

country of the southern Indians-Wingina, the

first Virginia chief known to the English-De-

stroys the first colony settled there-Menatonon

-Skiko-Ensenore-Second colony abandons

the country-Tobacco first carried to England

-Granganemeo-His kindnesses-His family-

His death-Powhatan-Boundaries of his coun-

try-Surprises the Payankatanks-Captain

Smith fights his people-Opekankanough takes

Smith prisoner-Takes him to Powhatan, who

condemns him to be put to death-Smith's life

saved at the intercession of Pocahontas-Inso-

lence of Powhatan increased by Newport's folly

-Smith brings him to terms-A crown sent over

to Powhatan from England-Is crowned em-

peror-Speech-Uses stratagems to kill Smith

-Is baffled in every attempt-Smith visits him

-

and

of his adventures to the Pacific Ocean-Grand

sun, chief of the Natchez-Receives great in-

justice from the French-Concerts their de-

struction-700 French are cut off-War with

them-The Natchez destroyed in their turn-

Great-Mortar-M'Gillivray-His birth and edu-

cation-Visits New York-Troubles of his na-

CHAP. VI. Weatherford-His character

tion-His death-Tame-king-Mad-dog,...380

country-The corner-stone of the Creek confed-

eracy-Favors the designs of Tecumseh-Cap-

tures Fort Mimms-Dreadful massacre-Sub-

jection of the Creeks-Weatherford surrenders

himself-His speeches-M'Intosh-Aids the

Americans-Battle of Autossee-Great slaugh-

ter of the Indians-Battle of the Horse-shoe-

bend-Late troubles in the Creek nation-

M'Intosh makes illegal sale of lands-Exe-

cuted for breaking the laws of his country-

Menawway-Tustenugge-Hawkins-Chilly

M'Intosh, son of William-Marriage of his sis-

ter-Lovett,.

CHAP. VII. Creek war continued-View of the

....388

Creek country-General Jackson ordered out

against them-Relieves Chinnaby-Shelokta-

Path-killer-Capture of Littafutche-The Tal-

lushatches destroyed by General Coffee-

Battle of Talladega-Anecdote-Massacre of

the Hallibees-Further account of Autossee

battle-Battle of Camp Defiance-Timpoochie

-Battle of Eckanakaka-Pushamata-Weath-

erford-Jim Fife-Battle of Emukfau-A sec

ond battle-Fife's intrepidity-Battle of Enoto-

chopko-Tohopeka-End of the Creek war-

mous speech to a missionary-His interview

with Colonel Snelling-British invade his coun

try-Resolves to repel them-His speech upon

-Witchcraft affair-Complains of encroach-
ments-One of his people put to death for being
a witch-He defends the executioner-His in-
terview with Lafayette-Council at Canandai-
gua-Farmers-brother-Red-jacket visits Phil-
adelphia-His speech to the governor of Penn-
sylvania-Speech of Agwelondongwas, or Good-
peter-Narrative of his capture during the rev-
olutionary war-Farmers-brother, or Honaya-
wus-Visits Philadelphia-Peter-jaquette-
Visits France-Account of his death-Memo-
rable speech of Farmers-brother-His letter to
the secretary of war-Notice of several other
Seneca chiefs-Koyingquatah, or Young-king-

Juskakaka, or Little-billy-Achiout, or Half-

town-Kiandogewa, or Big-tree-Gyantwaia,

or Corn-plant-Address of the three latter to

President Washington-Grant of land to Big-

tree-His visit to Philadelphia, and death-

Further account of Corn-plant-His own ac-

count of himself-Interesting events in his life

-His sons,...
.......593

stories concerning him-History of the journey

of five Iroquois chiefs to England,..... .499

CHAP II. Tamany, a famous ancient Delaware
-His history-Shikellimus-Favors the Mora-the event-Governor Clinton's account of him
vian Brethren-His reception of Count Zinzin-
dorf-His death-Canassatego-Visits Phila-
delphia-His speech to the Delawares-Anec-
dotes of him-Glikhikan-His speech to Half-
king-His attachment to the Christian Indians
-Meets with much trouble from Captain Pipe-
Conduct of Half-king-Of Pipe-Glikhikan per-
ishes in the massacre at Gnadenhuetten-Pa-
kanke-His history-Netawatwees-Becomes a
Christian-His speech to Pakanke-His death-
Paxnous-Tadeuskund-His history and death
-White-eyes-His transactions with the mis-
sionaries-Skenando-His celebrated speech-
Curious anecdote of him-His death,......512

CHAP. III. Washington's embassy to the French

on the Ohio-Battle near Great Meadows, and

death of Jumonville-Chiefs met with by

Washington-Shingis - Monacatoocha-Half-

king-Juskakaka-White-thunder-Alliquipa

-Capt. Jacobs-Hendrick-His history-Cu-

rious anecdote of Logan-Cresap's war-Bat-

tle of Point Pleasant-Logan's famous speech

-Cornstalk-His history-Red-hawk-Ellinip-
sico-The barbarous murder of these three-
Melancholy death of Logan-Pontiac-A re-
nowned warrior-Colonel Roger's account of
him-His policy-Fall of Michilimakinak-Me-
nehwehna-Siege of Detroit-Pontiac's strata-
gem to surprise it-Is discovered-Official ac-
count of the affair at Bloody Bridge-Pontiac
abandons the siege-Becomes the friend of the
English-Is assassinated,..
....530

CHAP. VII. Tecumseh-His great exertions to
prevent the whites from overrunning his coun-
try-His expedition on Hacker's Creek-Co-
operation of his brother, the Prophet-Rise of
the difficulties between Tecumseh and Gover-
nor Harrison-Speech of the former in a coun-
cil at Vincennes-Fearful occurrence in that
council-Winnemak-Tecumseh visited by
Governor Harrison at his camp-Determination
of war the result of the interview on both sides

-Characteristic anecdote of the chief-Deter-

mines, in the event of war, to prevent barbar-

ities Battle of Tippecanoe-Battle of the

Thames, and death of Tecumseh-Description

of his person-Important events in his life-

Pukeesheno, father of Tecumseh-His death-

Battle of Magnugo-Specimen of the Shawanee

language-Particular account of Ellskwatawa,

or the Prophet-Account of Round-head-Cap-

ture and massacre of General Winchester's

army at the River Raisin-Myeerah, or the

Crane, commonly called Walk-in-the-Water-

Black-bird-Wawnahton-Black-thunder

Ongpatonga,.

..616

CHAP. VIII. Black-hawk's war-Historical ac-

count of the tribes engaged in it-Treaty be-

tween them-Murders among the Sioux and

Chippewas-Red-bird-Black-hawk - Indians

insulted-Their country sold without their con-

sent-This occasions the war,....

CHAP. IV. Capt. Pipe-Situation of affairs on

the frontiers at the period of the revolution-

Sad condition of the Moravian Indians at this

period-Half-king engages to take them to Can-

ada-His speech to them-They remonstrate-

Half-king inclines not to molest them, but Capt.

Pipe's counsel prevails, and they are seized-

Pipe's conduct thereupon-Missionaries taken

to Detroit and examined-Pipe goes to accuse

them-Changes his conduct towards them, and

they are acquitted-Remarkable deliverance-

Captain White-eyes opposes the conduct of

Pipe-His speech to his people-Colonel Broad-

head's expedition-Brutal massacre of a chief-

Gelelemend Buokongahelas - Reproves the

murder of Major Trueman and others-In the

battle of Presq'Isle-His death-His intre-

pidity-Further particulars of Captain Pipe-

His famous speech-Expedition and defeat of

Colonel Crawford, who is burnt at the stake-

Chiktommo- King-crane - Little-turtle-De-
feats General St. Clair's army-Incidents in that
affair-Little-turtle's opinion of General Wayne
-Visits Philadelphia-His interview with C.
F. Volney-Anecdotes-Blue-jacket-Defeated
by Gen. Wayne in the battle of Presq'Isle,..554

CHAP. V. Life of Thayandaneca, called by the

whites Brant-His education-Visits England

-Commissioned there-His sister a companion

to Sir Wm. Johnson-His letter to the Oneidas

-Affair with Herkimer at Unadilla-Cuts off

Herkimer and 200 men at Oriskana-Anecdote

of Herkimer-Burns Springfield-Horrid affair

of Wyoming-Incidents-Destroys Cherry Val-

ley-Barbarities of the tories-Sullivan's dep-

recations among the Five Nations-Brant de-

feated by the Americans at Newtown-De-

struction of Minisink, and slaughter of 100 peo-

ple-Destruction of Harpersfield-Brant's letter

to M'Causland-Marriage of his daughter-Her

husband killed-Brant becomes the friend of

peace-Visits Philadelphia-His marriage-

Lands granted him by the king-His death-His

son John-Traits of character-One of his sons

killed by him, in an attempt to kill his father-

Account of Brant's arrival in England-Some
account of his children,....

CHAP. VI. Facts in the history of the Seneca APPENDIX,

nation-Sagoye watha, or Red-jacket-His fa- INDEX,..

..577

.....637

CHAP. IX. March of Major Stillman-Kills
some of Black-hawk's men-Stillman's defeat
-Menomonies join the whites-Settlement de-
stroyed-Captivity of two young women-Con-
gress orders out troops-Indians cut off by Gen-
eral Dodge-Snider's defeat-Stevenson's de-

feat-Defeat of Major Dement-Battle of the

Ouisconsin-Battle of the 2d of August, and end

of the war,.....
.....644

CHAP. X. History of the chiefs under Black-

hawk-Neapope-Surrender of Black-bawk—

Wabokieskie-Indians at Washington,.....654

CHAP. XI. Observations on the causes of the

war-Indians visit the Atlantic States,.....661

CHAP. XII. From the time Black-hawk was set

at liberty in his own country, in 1833, to his

death, on October 3d, 1838, with other impor-

tant matters connected with the Indians in the

west,
....672

CHAP. XIII. Some further particulars of early

events on the borders of Pennsylvania,.....678

CHAP. XIV. Early western history-Incidents

of battles-Skirmishes and defeats,. ..689

CHAP. XV. Events of the Indian war of 1763

and 1764, on the Ohio,...

.....689

.697-716

....717-736

AN

ALPHABETICAL ENUMERATION

OF

THE INDIAN TRIBES AND NATIONS.

An attempt is made, in the following Table, to locate the various bands of Aborigines, ancient and modern, and to convey the best information respecting their numbers our multifarious sources will warrant. Modern writers have been, for several years, endeavoring to divide North America into certain districts, each of which should include all the Indians speaking the same, or dialects of the same, language; but whoever has paid any attention to the subject, must undoubtedly have been convinced that it can never be done with any degree of accuracy. This has been undertaken in reference to an approximation of the great question of the origin of this people, from a comparison of the various languages used among them. An unwritten language is easily varied, and there can be no barrier to innovation. A continual intermixing of tribes has gone on from the period of their origin to the present time, judging from what we have daily seen; and when any two tribes unite, speaking different languages, or dialects of the same, a new dialect is produced by such amalgamation. Hence the accumulation of vocabularies would be like the pursuit of an infinite series in mathematics; with this difference, however-in the one we recede from the object in pursuit, while in the other we approach it. But I would not be understood to speak disparagingly of this attempt at classification; for, if it be unimportant in the main design, it will be of considerable service to the student in Indian history on other accounts. Thus, the Uchees are said to speak a primitive language, and they were districted in a small territory south of the Cherokees; but, some 200 years ago, if they then existed as a tribe, and their tradition be true, they were bounded on the north by one of the great lakes. And they are said to be descended from the Shawanees by some of themselves. We know an important community of them is still in existence in Florida. Have they created a new language in the course of their wanderings? or have those from whom they separated done so? Such are the difficulties we meet with at every step of a classification. But a dissertation upon these matters cannot now be attempted.

In the following analysis, the names of the tribes have been generally given in the singular number, for the sake of brevity; and the word Indians, after such names, is omitted from the same cause. Few abbreviations have been used:-W. R., west of the Rocky Mountains; m., miles; r., river; 1., lake; and perhaps a few others. In some instances, reference is made to the body of the work, where a more extended account of a tribe is to be found. Such references are to the Book and Page, the same as in the Index.

ABEKAS, probably Muskogees, under the French at Tombeckbee in 1750.
ABENAKIES, Over Maine till 1754, then went to Canada; 200 in 1689; 150 in 1780.
ABSOROKA, (Minetare,) S. branch Yellowstone; lat. 46°, lon. 105; 45,000 in 1834.
ACCOKESAW, W. side Colorado, about 200 m. S. W. Nacogdoches, in 1805.
ACOMAK, one of the six tribes in Virginia when settled by the English in 1607.
ADAIZE, 4 m. from Nachitoches, on Lake Macdon; 40 men in 1805.

ADIRONDAKS, (Algonkin,) along the N. shore St. Lawrence; 100 in 1786.