that of allowing the vowel to approach the sound of a in ale; thus “ taill” for těll. get men Elk Hence Let Bell Den elm fence dell else pence yet fell pen Ready steady measure pleasure general genuine. Bed fed led 8. I, as in I-n. The common error of careless articulation, in this element, makes it approach the a of ale; thus, "sainn," for sin. An opposite error, in foreign style, or in bad taste gives seenn,” for sin ; ceetee,” for cătý, &c. Ill Lip Bit fin him did fill sip hit grim hid hill tip fit tin 9: A, as in Ai-r. Sometimes carelessly enunciated as a in an, prolonged; thus, “ăer," for air ; — sometimes too fastidiously flattened, and reduced to a in ale ; thus “ āer” for air. Bare Fare Hair Stare Barely Aware lair glare careful dare pair share rarely repair care rare ensnare ware 10. U, as in U-p. The error in enunciating this element, is that of forming the sound in a coarse guttural style, which makes it approach the sound of o in on. This fault is prevalent in the usage of the Middle States. Up Bud Gum Dun But Done cup cud hum gun cut sup mud dumb hut none run won 11. O, as in O-r. Three errors are extensively prevalent in the mode of enunciating this element : - 1st, a local error of New England, which gives a double sound for a single one, commencing with o in old, and ending with u in up, or a in an, thus “nõŭr," or nõăr," for nor : 2d, a local error of the Middle States, which makes the sound too broad, and resembling the a in arm; thus “ nár," for nor: 3d, a long and drawling sound, which has a coarse and slovenly character; thus cawrd, for cord. Born Cork Sort Form cord fork short storm lord horn stork tort Orb * corn scorn 12. O, as in O-n. A prevalent local error of Massachusetts, in the following class of sounds, exists in the words, loss, lost, soft, &c. which are pronounced nearly with o, as in old ; thus loass," loast," soaft," &c. and sometimes with a double, instead of a single sound; thus “ lõăst,” &c., for lost. The local error of usage, in the state of Connecticut, verges to the opposite extreme, in such words, and gives, for o, a sound too nearly like that of a in an ; thus “ lăss,” &c., for loss. On Mob Rod Lop Loss odd rob dog sop toss off sob fog top Bog god + cross 13. A, as in A-le. The common error in the enunciation of this element, is that of making its vanish too conspicuous; thus“ aeel" for ale. An opposite error is not uncommon, that of omitting the delicate “vanishing” sound entirely, which makes the style of enunciation coarse and negligent. Ace Day Hail Lade Make Came age lay fail fade sake fame ache nay wail made take lame 14. I, as in I-ce. The two errors to be avoided in enunciating this ele * The r of these words is soft, but never silent, as in the style of faulty usage. + Commonly mispronounced "gaud," "goad," "gõud," or "gad." ment, are, Ist, that of commencing it with too broad a sound; thus, “ âece," for ice (řece ;) 2d, that of commencing it with too flat a sound ; thus“ āece," for ice. - See remarks on tonic" elements. Dice Bide Life Lime Fight Dive rice ride rife time light hive vice side wife prime might rive 15. 0, as in O-ld. A prevalent error in the local usage of New England, makes this o too short; thus, "hom,” for home. A common error of the Middle States makes the sound too broad; thus " fârce" for force. Oh Go Bold Home Lone Hope lo cold loam bone mope foe hold foam stone grope both ford fort course gore boat loath sword port coat sloth forge sport pour dote WO SO more source 16. Ou, as in Ou-r. The prevailing errors on this element, are "âur," "aur," and “ěur," for our, (o sounding as in done.) The first two of these errors are current in the pronunciation of the Southern and Middle States; the last, in that of New England. Out How Loud Cow Fowl Crown cloud count howl drown owl proud gown growl frown ounce now VOW 17. Oi, as in Oi-l. The two errors usually exhibited in enunciating this element, are 1st, beginning the diphthong with the sound of o, in own, instead of that of o, in on; 2d, closing with a sound resembling a, in ale, instead of i, in in. Boil Toil Joy Coin Broil Rejoice coil soil hoy join spoil appoint foil соу toy loin groin avoid 18. U, as in U-se, [long, as in the verb, -short, as in the noun.] The common errors in articulating this compound element, consist in, 1st, turning the whole sound into oo, as in ooze ; 2d, making the diphthong commence with a, in ale, instead of e, in eve, shortened, or the sound of y, Use Tune Feud Cue Human Student Constitution cure dupe hew due useful stupid institution lure fume few humor stewing revolution in yet. sue 2. M, as in M-ai-m. The common error in the enunciation of this element, is that of sounding it too slightly, and in a slack and lagging style. Mime May Move Am Him Hum mad lamb dim dumb my must hem rim gum me moss mar 3. N, as in N-u-n. The common fault of enunciation in this, as in the preceding element, is a want of that force which belongs to energetic and animated utterance. Nine Nay Now An Den Din nigh pen kin net then win none new can noun no man 4. R, as in R-ap. [R initial, before a vowel, or after a consonant.] The error to be avoided in articulating this element, is that of prolonging it into a "roll,” or that of substituting for it the soft sound of r“ final.” A correct articulation, in this instance, always presents to the ear a firm, clear, and distinct, but very brief sound. Raw Red Rid Ream Robe Rude Rub rye rent rim rule ruff ray rest rip reap rust Brag Brave Grave Crane Pray Trade Stray brass brain grim crag prate track stride brad braid groan cry prone tread strut rose roam rue 5. R, as in Fa-r: [r final, or before a consonant.] The error most frequent in the articulation of this element, is that of omitting it, through inadvertency. This fault is one of the conspicuous peculiarities of the style of pronunciation prevalent among the uncultivated classes of the city of London. But it is not less so, even among educated people, in the United States. The soft r, being one of the few liquid consonants which our language possesses, should never be omitted in enunciation. At the same time, it should never be converted into the opposite r, as in rap, as it often is, in the style of foreigners; neither should it ever be dwelt upon, or prolonged in sound. It is properly but a “vanish,” in its effect on the ear; as its vibrating and murmuring articulation prevents it from becoming forcible or distinct. The tongue should execute it with a delicate motion adapted to its slight and evanescent character. Hare Bar Ear Ire Ore Lure Bur dare fear hire pure fare hear mire door pur Orb Arm Earn Dark Pearl Art Burn horn harm fern hark marl dart turn form farm learn lark whirl part churn Murmur former charmer warbler car core cur mar sure warmer Exercise on words containing both sounds of R. [The difference in the sounds of the hard and the soft r, should be exactly observed.] |