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Sold by JAMES WATSON & Co. No 40. South Bridge;
And by the Principal Bookfellers in Town and Country:
By ALLEN & WEST, No 16. Paternofter-row;
And MARTIN & BAIN, No 184. Fleet-ftreet, London.

NEW DISCOVERY RESPECTING THE VARIATION OF THE MAGNETIC NEEDLE.

WE feel a great fatisfaction in having it in our power to announce to the public, that a Gentleman has difcovered the caufe of the variation of the Magnetic Needle; and that, through his theory, he has conftructed a Compafs, which ftands invariably due North and South, on all parts of the globe. The navigator, by this wonderful difcovery, can always fteer a true course; and the Engineer or Surveyor will always meafure correct angles to the true meridian.

The inventor has termed it Azimutal.-By being compared with the common needle, it indicates the true variation. What is most extraordiin it is, that any quantity of iron, placed at one yard diftance, does not in the leaft affect it.

We are likewife informed, that the inventor has a Needle, which indicates the Latitude by its dip, and that he will foon be able to produce another, by which the Longitude fhall be discovered through an equable variation of 90 degrees Eaft and go Weft. By thefe three forts of Compaffes, the azimuth obfervations, and the altitudes of the fun, or distances from moon and ftars, fhall be laid afide, or at least used as proofs to those inventions; out this laft point is not yet proved like the two others.

From what we could collect, it appears that the inventor of the Azimutal is of opinion, that electricity is a fluid and calid agent, and that magnetism is invifible and a frigid agent..

We fufpect that the inventor introduces magnetifm with an apparatus fimilar to that of electricity, by conductors. He has fhewn his apparatus but to a few confidential friends, and if we credit them, his magnet carries above 200 weight.

The Azimutal has, we are informed, been proved on land and sea both Eaft and Weft, and answers every purpofe for navigation. By comparing it to all dials, it is perfectly correct, and when placed in an azimuth compafs box, the obfervations of amplitudes determine at once its nature and utility. European Mag.

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NEW INVENTED COMPOSITION TO BE USED IN PLACE OF YEAST.

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BY MR R. TILLYER BLUNT.

TO make a yeaft gallon of the above compofition to be ufed as yeast, (fuch yeast gallon containing eight beer quarts), boil in common water eight pounds of potatoes, as for eating, bruife them perfectly fmooth, and mix with them, whilft warm, two ounces of honey, or any other sweet, and one quart (oeing the eight part of a gallon of yeaft,) of common yealt. And for making bread, mix three beer-pints of the above compofition with a bufhel of flour, ufing warm water in making the bread: the water to be warmer in winter than in fummer; and the compofition to be ufed in a few hours after it is made; and as soon as the fponge (the mixture of the compofition with the flour) begins to fall the firft time, the read fhould be made and put in the oven vis

ATA in laft Number, p. 436, Inscription on Dr Johnson's Monument, e 7. for Homino read Homini.

SCOTS

THE

MAGAZINE,

For AUGUST 1796.

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TH

THE REVOLUTION. Pedolor,

HE following anecdotes of perfons connected with the French revolution are interefting, and as they appear authentic, we tranfcribe them from a London monthly publication.

DUMOURIER.

DUMOURIER poffeffes fingular acquirements: he is a good orator, an able politician, an excellent writer, and one of the belt generals of his age. His father, alfo, was a man of talents, and by infifting that he should never learn any thing by heart, prevented him, according to his own account, from ever forgetting any thing!

It has been generally fuppofed that he acquired an immenfe fum of money during the revolution; but he folemnly declares this to be a cruel and unjust afperfion; and boasts that he is now indebted to his pen, as he was formerly to his favord, for his fupport.

He has an uncommon facility at compofition, writes with elegance upon all fubjects, and is intimately acquainted with every thing relating either to the

Cygne. Her husband was a member both of the National Affembly, and the Convention, and the intimate and particular friend of the Duke d'Orleans, fince known by the name of M. Egalite. The wife was the preceptrefs of the Orleans family, and is allowed to have infpired the young men with noble ideas. She always inculcated, that birth was accidental, hereditary dif tinction tranfitory, and that the only things which a good man can deem certain, are his knowledge and his virtue. Both her pupils conducted themfelves like heroes at the battle of Jemappe, and are now the martyrs of their father's crimes. Along with Madame Genlis and Dumourier refidess debes fr M. VALENCE,

who rofe to the rank of LieutenantGeneral. His forehead is fcarred with wounds, one of which, inflicted by an oblique ftroke of an Auftrian huffar's feymitar, peeled off the fkin in fuch a manner, as to roll it like a bandage over his eye. This occurred when he the enemy, at the head

politics or the wars of Europe. He ser a detachment of cavalry. He is a

ceived a fum equal to 5col of our me of a

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ney, for his life, from a bookfeller at braye foldier; and, although the ac Hamburgh, in the neighbourhood oftions of Pichgru and Jourdan have obwhich city, and within its territory, he literated, in fome degree, thofe of Dunow refides, with x mourier and Valence, the two latter MAD. GENLIS-SILLERY BRULART, must be allowed to have formed the who occupies part of the fame houfe, troops that have fince acquired the forand, like himf lf, is employed in writ-mer, moft, if not all, their glory. It ing. This celebrated lady is well known was in the fame manner that Philip,preas an author, and has lately published pared for the victories of Alexander. a new work, relative to the " "ABBE DE CALONNEQ; age of chivalry, called Les Chevaliers de The Abbe, who enjoyed great in41 B

VOL. LVIII.

fluence,

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fluence, while his brother held the high
office of Comptroller-general of the fi-
nances in France, is at prefent the edi-
tor of the Courier de Londres, formerly
the Courier de l'Europe. He poffefies
a portion of the talents fo confpicuous
in his family.
12 19h
M. DE CALONNE.
This ci-devant Comptroller-general,
who ftill terms himself" miniftre d'état,"
acquired much celebrity both before and
fince the revolution. His talents raifed
him from a fubordinate fituation, to a
place of high truft and confidence un-
der the monarchy. He was a great
favourite with the Queen, and is ac-
cufed, by his enemies of having ad-
miniftered to the diffipation of her Ma-
jefty, and the King's brothers, parti-
cularly the Count d'Artois, who now
affumes the title of Monfieur, or first
Prince of the blood. The deficit, first
publicly pointed out by Necker, fprung
from frequent hoftilities without, and a
contaminating and debafing corruption
within, the kingdom. Calonne's peace
administration, and Necker's war with-
out taxes, neceffarily led to the affemb.
ling of the Notables. The notables be-
gat the States-general, the States-ge-
neral begat the National Affembly, the
National Affembly begat the Conftitu-
ting Affembly, and that begat the re-
public.

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is not only a native, but a citizen, of Geneva, terms not hitherto, Synonymous, but which have become the fame fince the laft revolution in this little, but interefting republic which, during its troubles, has been likened, with more wit than liberality, to a puddle in a florm! He afferts, that the depreciation of affignats will occafion the ruin of the republic, and the re-introduction of monarchy.

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MIRABEAU, MIRANDA, WILKES. These three very celebrated men met one day by invitation at the houfe of a refpectable gentleman in Chesterfield-.. ftreet, May-fair. Mr H. after dinne expected great entertainment from hir guests; but, unfortunately for him, ths orator and the general had a violent dife pute relative to fome trifling✨ subject, which rendered the early part of the evening uncomfortable. To complete the mortification, they both foon after attacked John Wilkes on the barbarity and inhumanity of the English nation, an instance of which they gave, in the After felling a moft fuperb collection execution of feveral young men for trifling of pictures for the common caufe, M. offences, in the course of that very morn de Calonne ftill fupports it, and his ing! The hoary, patriot retorted the brother by means of his writings in the charge, and turning towards Mirabeau, Courier de Londres. " “Mon frere," (it was before the revolution) farcasti-© fays he in his lalt able pamphlet, "cally afked him, what he thought of the du nombre a du nombre des émigrés qui travaillent pour fubfifter. Il s'eft livré à une corvée faftidieufe, afin de n'être charge à perfonne, Loin de rouger d'en être réduit la, an doit s'en glorifier." I 10x

very humane mode of breaking on the
wheel, as practifed at the Greve, when
the noblesse were accustomed to bespeak
feats at particular windows, as if they
had been going to a comedy!!!

d.

M. DEMORANDE
was formerly editor of the Courier de
Londres He came over to this coun
try, and publifhed a book that
made
great noife, called Le Gaxelier Cuiraffe,

Among a number of important (fome, perhaps, may be inclined to think them paradoxical) affertions, he infilts, that France fill poffeffes nearly three times the quanity of circulating. fpecies in Great Britain that the raises, communi»u! *} Le Gazetier Cuiraffe: be Anecdotes feanbus annis, one eighth earn more than's doleufes de la cour de France Imprimé à vent

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The French court Being determined upon revenge, fent over an exempt, with orders to fpare neither trouble nor ex pence to fecure the libeller, and convey him to the Bastille. On his arrival in England, in the character of a gentleman who had fled from perfecution, he found means to get introduced to M. Demorande, and affecting to compaffionate his fituation, as a person expofed to the malice and intrigues of the French ministry, proffered him the loan of a fum of money. This was accepted by Demorande with many expreffions of gratitude; but he completely outwitted his countryman, although one of the most skilfal officers belonging to the police of Paris, for he applied to Sir J. Fielding, and so frightened this fatellite of Madame du Barré, that he was happy to escape re infecta..

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Soon after the commencement of the American war, Demorande received a penfion from Lord North of about 300l. a-year, in confequence of which he refigned the editorfhip of the French newspaper, and retired to Stanmore, in Middlefex, where he took a small house in the cottage ftyle, and cultivated a beautiful flower garden, which was furnished with a fine collection of foreign

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tertained a violent diflike to Briffot, whom he hated both perfonally and politically, and endeavoured to injure him in the esteem of his countrymen, but without effect. This circumftance perhaps, and this alone, faved his life under the monarchy of Robefpierre. He now repairs daily to the palace royale on crutches, and, being a man of some eloquence, entertains thofe around him with his opinion of the events of the time, and the great men of the day. BRISSOT.

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This very celebrated man, while in England, lodged in Brompton-row, in the fecond or third houfe on the right hand fide. On his publishing a very able differtation on Criminal Law, he fent a copy to Mrs Macauley Graham, who invited him to her houfe, had him often at her table, and entertained great esteem for him. From that refpectable lady, he received a letter of introduction to General Washington, by whom he was well received, and fo fond was he of the Atlantic continent, that, to the day of his unjuft execution, he always wifhed that he had been born the fon of an American peafant. While, in England, he wrote many articles in the Courier de Londres. M. Briffot retained his ancient fimplicity of manners. He was never intoxicated with power, nor did he ever fuffer his mind to be debafed by avarice. Robefpierre and his affociates, knowing what effect fuch a charge would have upon the people, accufed him of wallowing in riches:when his wife was arrested, the was employed in mending his linen, and nurfing their offspring!

When the French revolution took place, he returned, after a long abfence, to Paris, and published a weekly gazette called Argus Patriote. He en lieues de là Baflille, à l'enfeigne de la liberté. MDCCLXXII. From this, which has be-" DUKE DE HARCOURT. come a scarce tracy I fhall here give a quo This nobleman, who has founded tation, in which the author expreffes a with, friendly afylum at Nuneham, under the that has fince been in part verified: fes hofpitable roof of an English peer of the rait bien à fouhaiter en France qu'il y eut fame name; is defcended from one quelques milliers de moides en uniforme de

a

of

grenadiers, & quelques centaines d'abbés & the most ancient families in France. leur tête, ils foroient plus utiles à l'étanavees Previous to the Revolution, he was un moufques, ou un hoyau à la main, qu'av Lieutenant-General of the province of vec le goupillon dont ils arrafent les imbe Normandy, and it was owing to his incilles." Note, p. 15. His prophecy that Ma- fluence, that Cherbourg, which was fidame du Barré would perifh by the hands of the executioner, has proved but too true.tuated within his government, became a

VOL. LVIII.

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